Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1988 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

1,119 papers of 6,984 · showing 751–800Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Towards Experience Replay for Class-Incremental Learning in Fully-Binary NetworksYanis Basso-Bert, Anca Molnos, Romain Lemaire … Antoine DupretACM Transactions · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Grenoble · +3
    PDF ↗
  2. 2026
    CASP: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning with CLS Token Attention Steering PromptsShuai Huang, Xuhan Lin, Yuwu LuPattern Recognition · South China Normal University
    PDF ↗
  3. 2026
    Fast Evaluation of Deep Neural Network (DNN) for Past Dataset in Incremental LearningN. SatoThe European Journal on Artificial Intelligence · Hitachi (Japan)
  4. 2026
    Policy Gradient with Adaptive Entropy Annealing for Continual Fine-TuningYaqian Zhang, Bernhard Pfahringer, Eibe Frank, Albert BifetarXiv
    PDF ↗
  5. 2026
    Advancing Analytic Class-Incremental Learning through Vision-Language CalibrationBinyu Zhao, Wei Zhang, Xingrui Yu … Ivor W. TsangICML
    PDF ↗
  6. 2026
    Multi-Head Attention as a Source of Catastrophic Forgetting in MoE TransformersA. Q. Chen, Ruijun Huang, Xin Zhang … Li ShangarXiv
    PDF ↗
  7. 2026
    Learning on the Fly: Replay-Based Continual Object Perception for Indoor DronesSebastian-Ion Nae, Mihai-Eugen Barbu, Sebastian Mocanu, Marius LeordeanuarXiv
    PDF ↗
  8. 2026
    Class-Incremental Cloud-Device Collaborative Adaptation With Contrastive Learning in Dynamic Changing EnvironmentsYushi Zeng, Haopeng Ren, Yi Cai … Qing LiTNNLS · South China University of Technology · Guangzhou University · +3
  9. 2026
    General Humanoid Whole-Body Control via Pretraining and Fast AdaptationZepeng Wang, Jiangxing Wang, Shiqing Yao … Zongqing LuarXiv
    PDF ↗
  10. 2026
    Learning From Each Other: Generalized Federated Incremental Semantic SegmentationJiahua Dong, Wenqi Liang, Yang Cong … Luc Van GoolTPAMI · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · Shenyang Institute of Automation · +5
  11. 2026
    Towards Long-Lived Robots: Continual Learning VLA Models via Reinforcement Fine-TuningYuan Liu, Hao-Ran Li, Shuai Tian … Dong-Bin ZhaoRobotics
    PDF ↗
  12. 2026
    Reinforced Curriculum Pre-Alignment for Domain-Adaptive VLMsYuming Yan, Shuo Yang, Kai Tang … Edith C. H. NgaiarXiv
    PDF ↗
  13. 2026
    Patch the Distribution Mismatch: RL Rewriting Agent for Stable Off-Policy SFTJiacheng Wang, Ping Jian, Zhen Yang … Zhongbin GuoarXiv
    PDF ↗
  14. 2026PDF ↗
  15. 2026
    Autonomous Continual Learning for Environment Adaptation of Computer-Use AgentsTianci Xue, Zeyi Liao, Tianneng Shi … Huan SunarXiv
    PDF ↗
  16. 2026
    Robust Policy Optimization to Prevent Catastrophic ForgettingMahdi Sabbaghi, George J. Pappas, Adel Javanmard, Hamed HassaniarXiv
    PDF ↗
  17. 2026
    AVQACL++: Toward a Robust Framework and Benchmark for Audio-Visual Question Answering Continual LearningKunning Wu, Xinde Li, X. Z. Li … Zhiwei LvIEEE TCSVT · Southeast University
  18. 2026PDF ↗
  19. 2026
    CoMasTRe+: Unleashing Disentangled Continual Segmentation With Mixture of Continual AdaptersYizheng Gong, Siyue Yu, Liquan Shen, Jimin XiaoIEEE TCSVT · Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University · Shanghai University
  20. 2026
    Learning to Remember, Learn, and Forget in Attention-Based ModelsDjohan Bonnet, Jamie Lohoff, Jan Finkbeiner … Emre NeftciarXiv
    PDF ↗
  21. 2026PDF ↗
  22. 2026PDF ↗
  23. 2026
    MePo: Meta Post-Refinement for Rehearsal-Free General Continual LearningGuanglong Sun, Hongwei Yan, Liyuan Wang … Yi ZhongICML
    PDF ↗
  24. 2026PDF ↗
  25. 2026PDF ↗
  26. 2026
    Order parameters and phase transitions of continual learning in deep neural networksHaozhe Shan, Qianyi Li, Haim SompolinskyPNAS · Harvard University · Harvard University Press · +4
    PDF ↗
  27. 2026PDF ↗
  28. 2026
    Improve Large Language Model Systems with User LogsChangyue Wang, Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai … Yiqun LiuarXiv
    PDF ↗
  29. 2026
    CEFCIL: Comprehensive Ensemble Framework for Exemplar-Free Class Incremental LearningWei Liu, Cheng Zhu, Fan Wu … Q. LiuBig Data Mining and Analytics · National University of Defense Technology · Central South University
  30. 2026
    CLIP-Based Class Incremental Semantic Segmentation Framework With Generalization-Preserving Knowledge DistillationQining Ren, Zhenyu Zhang, Depeng Li, Zhigang ZengIEEE TCSVT · Huazhong University of Science and Technology
  31. 2026
    LLM-powered Coreset Selection for Time Series Incremental LearningHuile Wang, Yiqi Chen, Yusong Zhou … Weiping Zheng2026 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intellige… · South China Normal University
  32. 2026
    Orthogonal Model MergingSihan Yang, Kexuan Shi, Zhifeng LiarXiv
    PDF ↗
  33. 2026
    WAVE++: Capturing within-task variance for continual relation extraction with adaptive promptingBao-Ngoc Dao, Minh Le, Quang Nguyen … Linh Ngo VanNeurocomputing · Hanoi University of Science and Technology
    PDF ↗
  34. 2026
    Shared LoRA Subspaces for almost Strict Continual LearningPrakhar Kaushik, Ankit Vaidya, Shravan Chaudhari … Alan L. YuillearXiv
    PDF ↗
  35. 2026
    Attention Retention for Continual Learning with Vision TransformersYue Lu, Xiangyu Zhou, Shizhou Zhang … Wencong ZhangAAAI
    PDF ↗
  36. 2026
    Bagging-Based Model Merging for Robust General Text EmbeddingsHengran Zhang, Keping Bi, Jiafeng Guo … Xueqi ChengarXiv
    PDF ↗
  37. 2026PDF ↗
  38. 2026PDF ↗
  39. 2026
    Continual Learning through Control MinimizationSander de Haan, Yassine Taoudi-Benchekroun, Pau Vilimelis Aceituno, Benjamin F. GrewearXiv
    PDF ↗
  40. 2026PDF ↗
  41. 2026
    Finding Structure in Continual LearningPourya Shamsolmoali, Masoumeh ZareapoorarXiv
    PDF ↗
  42. 2026
    TACO: Temporal Consensus Optimization for Continual Neural MappingXunlan Zhou, Hong-Ru Zhao, Negar MehrRobotics
    PDF ↗
  43. 2026
    A practical guide to streaming continual learningAndrea Cossu, Federico Giannini, Giacomo Ziffer … Davide BacciuNeurocomputing · University of Pisa · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa · +6
    PDF ↗
  44. 2026PDF ↗
  45. 2026PDF ↗
  46. 2026
    TMS: Trajectory-Mixed Supervision for Reward-Free, On-Policy SFTRana Muhammad Shahroz Khan, Zijie Liu, Zhen Tan … Tianlong ChenarXiv
    PDF ↗
  47. 2026PDF ↗
  48. 2026
    DISC: Dual-level Incremental Knowledge Distillation for Domain and Class Incremental LearningSeongsu Kim, Minju Baek, Joonki PaikIEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE) · Chung-Ang University
  49. 2026
    PACE: Pretrained Audio Continual LearningChang Li, Kanglei Zhou, Liyuan WangarXiv
    PDF ↗
  50. 2026PDF ↗
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.