Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

88 papers of 8,653 · showing 1–50Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Federated Class Incremental Learning Method With High Accuracy and Extremely Low Communication Cost Based on Broad Learning SystemJie Du, Wenbing Chen, Peng Liu … C L Philip ChenIEEE Transactions · Shenzhen University · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · +2
  2. 2026
    EDCL: An Efficient Dynamic Continual Learning Framework for IoT SystemsKai-Xuan Zhang, Xiulong Liu, Ke Wang … Keqiu LiIEEE Transactions
  3. 2026
    Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting With Adaptive Transformer Block Expansion in Federated Fine-TuningYujia Huo, Jianchun Liu, Hongli Xu … Liusheng HuangIEEE Transactions · University of Science and Technology of China · China University of Mining and Technology
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  4. 2026
    MccTTA: A Memory-Efficient Collaborative Continual Test-Time Adaptation Framework for Edge DevicesHaojie Bai, Aiguo Chen, Yijia Rong … Schahram DustdarIEEE Transactions · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · TU Wien
  5. 2026
    Incremental Micro-Expression Recognition: A BenchmarkZhengqin Lai, Xiaopeng Hong, Yabin Wang, Xiaobai LiIEEE Transactions · Harbin Institute of Technology · Zhejiang University
  6. 2026
  7. 2026
    Robot Continual Learning With Knowledge Sharing and Model Acceleration for Sequential Assembly TasksLigang Jin, Chaoqun Wang, Zhiwei Cui … Rui SongIEEE Transactions · Shandong University · Tsinghua University
  8. 2026
  9. 2026
    Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Personalized Federated Learning for Edge Devices Using State-Space ModelsWei-Dong Zhang, Dongshang Deng, Xuangou Wu … Dong In KimIEEE Transactions
  10. 2026
    Hybrid Offline–Online Learning of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Forecasting Nonstationary Streaming Time SeriesX. Liu, Yingjun Zhang, Hui Wang … Baigen CaiIEEE Transactions · Lanzhou Jiaotong University · Beijing Jiaotong University · +1
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  11. 2023
    Adapter-RL: Adaptation of Any Agent Using Reinforcement LearningYizhao Jin, Greg Slabaugh, Simon LucasIEEE Transactions · Queen Mary University of London
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  12. 2026
    DeSTA2.5-Audio: Toward General-Purpose Large Audio Language Model With Self-Generated Cross-Modal AlignmentK C Lu, Zhehuai Chen, Szu‐Wei Fu … Hung-yi LeeIEEE Transactions · National Taiwan University · National Taipei University · +2
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  13. 2026
    A Review of Continual Learning in Edge AIBeining Wu, Zihao Ding, Jun HuangIEEE Transactions · South Dakota State University
  14. 2023
    SketchOGD: Memory-Efficient Continual LearningYoungjae Min, Benjamin Wright, J. M. Bernstein, Navid AzizanIEEE Transactions · Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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  15. 2026
    Efficient Rehearsal for Continual Learning in ASR via Singular Value TuningSteven Vander Eeckt, Hugo Van hammeIEEE Transactions · KU Leuven
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  16. 2026
    A Device-Cloud Collaborative Data Enrichment Framework for Continual Learning on DevicesChen Gong, Zhenzhe Zheng, F. Y. Wu, Guihai ChenIEEE Transactions · Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  17. 2026
    Adaptive Affinity Memorization With Layer Mutation for Multimodal Deepfake Continual DetectionMan Xiao, Jianbin Ye, Bo Liu … Kele XuIEEE Transactions · National University of Defense Technology · Hunan Normal University · +1
  18. 2026
    CLDIPS-CIL: Causal Learning and Dynamic Importance Parameter Selection for Class Incremental LearningJing Yang, Qinglang Li, Xiaoli Ruan … Quan ZhouIEEE Transactions · Guizhou University · Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
  19. 2026
    Decision Boundary Drift: A Security, Privacy, and Trust Risk of Continual Learning for Agentic AI in Edge NetworksKaixiang Yang, Yue Xu, Zhihao Li … C.L. Philip ChenIEEE Transactions · Lanzhou University of Technology · South China University of Technology · +2
  20. 2026
    Efficient Decentralized Modular Continual Learning via Aligned Modularization and Selective CollaborationMingze Li, Bin Guo, Ke Ma … Zhiwen YuIEEE Transactions · Northwestern Polytechnical University
  21. 2026
    FASS: Discrete Fourier Transform Adapters for Speech Separation With Incremental LearningZiye Yang, Xiang SONG, Min Zhao … Israel CohenIEEE Transactions · Northwestern Polytechnical University · Xi'an Jiaotong University · +4
  22. 2026
    LLKF: Lifelong Learning Kalman Filter with Noise Statistics Continual LearningAndi Lin, Wen‐An Zhang, Ling Shi, Chenlong LiIEEE Transactions · Zhejiang University of Technology · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +1
  23. 2026
    Meta-Adaptive Continual Learning for Dynamic Social Communication GraphsMonika Varshney, Tanima DuttaIEEE Transactions · Indian Institute of Technology BHU · Banaras Hindu University
  24. 2026
    A Comprehensive Survey of Federated Open-World LearningZhipeng Cai, Junjie Pang, Yingshu Li … Zhenzhen XieIEEE Transactions
  25. 2025
    Theoretical Analysis of Mixture-of-Experts in Mobile Edge ComputingHongbo Li, Lingjie DuanIEEE Transactions · Singapore University of Technology and Design · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  26. 2025
    Cross-F$^{2}$SCIL: A Federated Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning Method for Cross Mobile Edge Network EnvironmentsLi Yao, Yan Liu, Bin Guo … Zhiwen YuIEEE Transactions · Northwestern Polytechnical University · Fudan University · +1
  27. 2025
    Teleportation Links: Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Decentralized Federated LearningXu Wang, Yuanzhu Chen, Qiang Ye, Octavia A. DobreIEEE Transactions · Queen's University · University of Calgary · +1
  28. 2025
    Energy-Efficient and Real-Time Sensing for Federated Continual Learning via Sample-Driven ControlMinh Ngoc Luu, Minh-Duong Nguyen, Ebrahim Bedeer … Quoc‐Viet PhamIEEE Transactions · Hanoi University of Science and Technology · VinUniversity · +4
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  29. 2025
    Hybrid Ensemble Framework for Imbalanced Data Streams With Concept DriftMianfen Lin, Zhiwen Yu, Kaixiang Yang, C. L. Philip ChenIEEE Transactions · South China University of Technology
  30. 2025
    Fed-OGD: Mitigating Straggler Effects in Federated Learning via Orthogonal Gradient DescentWei Li, Zicheng Shen, Xiulong Liu … Jiaxing ShenIEEE Transactions · Jiangnan University · Tianjin University · +1
  31. 2025
    Sparse-FCL: Sparse Federated Continual Learning for Evolving Mobile Edge Computing EnvironmentsYan Liu, Feiyang Liu, Bin Guo … Zhiwen YuIEEE Transactions · Northwestern Polytechnical University · Harbin Engineering University
  32. 2025
    Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Federated Continual Graph Learning for Resource-Limited Mobile DevicesJiyuan Feng, Xu Yang, Dongyi Zheng … Qing LiaoIEEE Transactions · Harbin Institute of Technology · Peng Cheng Laboratory
  33. 2025
    SPARK: Simple and Parameter-Free Knowledge Embedding With Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Class Incremental LearningYu Wang, Jiabo Xie, Junyan Zheng … Qinghua HuIEEE Transactions · Tianjin University
  34. 2025
    Membership Inference Attacks Against Incremental Learning in IoT DevicesXiang-Long Zhang, Huanle Zhang, Guoming Zhang … Pengfei HuIEEE Transactions
  35. 2025
    SAFA: Handling Sparse and Scarce Data in Federated Learning With Accumulative LearningNguyen Nang Hung, Truong Thao Nguyen, Trong Nghia Hoang … Phi Le NguyenIEEE Transactions · Tokyo University of Science · Iketani Science and Technology Foundation · +5
  36. 2025
    A Unified Sparse Training Framework for Lightweight Lifelong Deep Reinforcement LearningMeng Xu, Xinhong Chen, Weiwei Fu … Jianping WangIEEE Transactions · City University of Hong Kong · Taiwan Forestry Research Institute
  37. 2025
    Loci: Federated Continual Learning of Heterogeneous Tasks at EdgeYaxin Luopan, Rui Han, Qinglong Zhang … Lydia Y. ChenIEEE Transactions · Beijing Institute of Technology · Delft University of Technology
  38. 2025
    Continual Test-Time Adaptation With Weighted Contrastive Learning and Pseudo-Label CorrectionShih‐Chieh Chuang, Ching-Hu LuIEEE Transactions · National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
  39. 2025
    An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-TuningYun Luo, Zhen Yang, Fandong Meng … Yue ZhangIEEE Transactions · Westlake University · Tencent (China)
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  40. 2025
    MUFTI: Multi-Domain Distillation-Based Heterogeneous Federated Continuous LearningKeke Gai, Zijun Wang, Jing Yu, Liehuang ZhuIEEE Transactions · Beijing Institute of Technology · Minzu University of China
  41. 2025
    A Two-Stage LoRA Strategy for Expanding Language Capabilities in Multilingual ASR ModelsChin Yuen Kwok, Hexin Liu, Jia Qi Yip … Eng Siong ChngIEEE Transactions · Nanyang Technological University · Tokyo University of Science · +1
  42. 2025
    Fully Few-Shot Class-Incremental Audio Classification With Adaptive Improvement of Stability and PlasticityYongjie Si, Yanxiong Li, Jiaxin Tan … Mladen RussoIEEE Transactions · South China University of Technology · University of Split
  43. 2025
    Few-Shot Class-Incremental Audio Classification Using Pseudo-Incrementally Trained Embedding Learner and Continually Updated Stochastic ClassifierYanxiong Li, Wenchang Cao, Jiaxin Tan … Guoqing ChenIEEE Transactions · South China University of Technology
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  44. 2025
    A Closer Look at Class-Incremental Learning for Multi-Label Audio ClassificationManjunath Mulimani, Annamaria MesarosIEEE Transactions · Tampere University
  45. 2025
    Efficient and Robust Continual Graph Learning for Graph Classification in BiologyDing Zhang, Jane Downer, Can Chen, Ren WangIEEE Transactions · Northwestern University · Illinois Institute of Technology · +1
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  46. 2025
    A Continual Learning Method for Generalized Grasping Manipulation in a Musculoskeletal RobotBo Jiang, Ci Song, Siyuan Liu … Jiahao ChenIEEE Transactions · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Automation
  47. 2025
    DT-QFL: Dual-Timeline Quantum Federated Learning With Time-Symmetric Updates, Temporal Memory Kernels, and Reversed Gradient DynamicsKoffka Khan, Khouler KhanIEEE Transactions · University of the West Indies · University of Southampton
  48. 2025
    An Orthogonality-Based Dual-Memory Framework for Continual Text ClassificationHan Zhang, Lei Yu, Bin Liang … Ruifeng XuIEEE Transactions · Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology · Harbin Institute of Technology · +1
  49. 2025
    CCKA: Continual Cross-Domain Knowledge Adaptation for Multi-Domain Machine TranslationZhibo Man, Yujie Zhang, Yuanmeng Chen … Jinan XuIEEE Transactions · Beijing Jiaotong University
  50. 2025
    Continual Learning of Regions for Efficient Robot Localization on Large MapsMatteo Scucchia, Davide MaltoniIEEE Transactions · University of Bologna
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.