Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1991 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

4,574 papers · showing 1801–1850Sort Recent · Most cited
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  4. 2024
    Continual Learning in Machine Speech Chain Using Gradient Episodic MemoryGeoffrey S. Tyndall, Kurniawati Arizah, Dipta Tanaya … Sakriani SaktiConference of the Oriental COCOSDA International Committe… · University of Indonesia · Bandung Institute of Technology · +1
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  6. 2024
    Reset It and Forget It: Relearning Last-Layer Weights Improves Continual and Transfer LearningL. Frati, Neil Traft, Jeff Clune, Nick CheneyFrontiers · University of Vermont · Canadian Institute for Advanced Research · +2
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  7. 2024
    Informed Spectral Normalized Gaussian Processes for Trajectory PredictionChristian Schlauch, Christian Wirth, Nadja KleinFrontiers · Continental (Germany) · Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · +2
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  8. 2024
    Natural Mitigation of Catastrophic Interference: Continual Learning in Power-Law Learning EnvironmentsAtith Gandhi, Raj Sanjay Shah, Vijay Marupudi, Sashank VarmaFrontiers · Georgia Institute of Technology
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  11. 2024
    Open World Object Detection: A SurveyYiming Li, Yi Wang, Wenqian Wang … Kim–Hui YapIEEE TCSVT · Nanyang Technological University · Hong Kong Polytechnic University · +2
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  13. 2024
    Is Parameter Collision Hindering Continual Learning in LLMs?Shuo Yang, Kun-Peng Ning, Yuyang Liu … Yuan LiCOLING
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  14. 2024
    Continual Domain RandomizationJosip Josifovski, Sayantan Auddy, Mohammadhossein Malmir … Nicolás Navarro-GuerreroIROS · Technical University of Munich · Universität Innsbruck · +1
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  15. 2024
    Continual Learning for Autonomous Robots: A Prototype-based ApproachElvin Hajizada, Balachandran Swaminathan, Yulia SandamirskayaIROS · Intel (Germany) · Pennsylvania State University · +1
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  16. 2025
    Adapt-∞: Scalable Continual Multimodal Instruction Tuning via Dynamic Data SelectionAdyasha Maharana, Jaehong Yoon, Tianlong Chen, Mohit BansalICLR
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  17. 2024PDF ↗
  18. 2024
    Continual Learning Improves Zero-Shot Action RecognitionShreyank N Gowda, Davide Moltisanti, Laura Sevilla-LaraAsian Conference on Computer Vision
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  19. 2025
    TWIST&SCOUT:GroundingMultimodal LLM-Experts by Forget-Free TuningAritra Bhowmik, Mohammad Mahdi Derakhshani, D.C. Koelma … Cees G. M. SnoekICCV
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  20. 2024
    Self-Data Distillation for Recovering Quality in Pruned Large Language ModelsVithursan Thangarasa, Venkatesh, Ganesh, Lasby, Mike … Sean LieConference on Machine Learning and Systems
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  21. 2024PDF ↗
  22. 2024
    Foundation Model-Powered 3D Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning via Training-free AdaptorSahar Ahmadi, Ali Cheraghian, Morteza Saberi … Shafin RahmanAsian Conference on Computer Vision
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  23. 2024
    Lifelong Event Detection via Optimal TransportViet Dao, Van-Cuong Pham, Quyen Tran … Thien Huu NguyenEMNLP
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  24. 2025
    Neuroplastic Expansion in Deep Reinforcement LearningJiashun Liu, Johan Obando-Ceron, Aaron Courville, Ling PanICLR
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  25. 2024
    SLIM: Let LLM Learn More and Forget Less with Soft LoRA and Identity MixtureJiayi Han, Liang Du, Hongwei Du … Donghong HanNAACL
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  26. 2025
    Temporal-Difference Variational Continual LearningL. Melo, Alessandro Abate, Yarin GalNeurIPS
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  27. 2024
    Continual Learning in the Frequency DomainRuiqi Liu, Boyu Diao, Libo Huang … Yongjun XuNeurIPS
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  29. 2024
    Happy: A Debiased Learning Framework for Continual Generalized Category DiscoveryShi-Jie Ma, Fei Zhu, Zhun Zhong … Chenglin LiuNeurIPS
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  30. 2025
    LeanAgent: Lifelong Learning for Formal Theorem ProvingAdarsh Kumarappan, Mohit Tiwari, Peiyang Song … Anima AnandkumarICLR
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  31. 2024
    Brain-inspired continual pre-trained learner via silent synaptic consolidationXuming Ran, Jiaqi Yao, Yusong Wang … Dianbo LiuarXiv
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  34. 2025
    Large Continual Instruction AssistantJingyang Qiao, Zhang, Zhizhong, Xin Tan … Yuan XieICML
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  35. 2024
    Towards Personalized Federated Learning via Comprehensive Knowledge DistillationPengju Wang, Bochao Liu, Weijia Guo … Shiming GeIEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybern… · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Information Engineering
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  36. 2024
    Leveraging Hierarchical Taxonomies in Prompt-based Continual LearningQuyen Tran, Phan, Hoang, Minh Duc Le … Le Trung ThanharXiv
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  37. 2024
    Meta-learning for real-world class incremental learning: a transformer-based approachSandeep Kumar, Amit Sharma, Vikrant Shokeen … Zafar Iqbal KhanScientific Reports · Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology · Institute of Management Technology · +2
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  38. 2024
    Variational Bayes Gaussian SplattingToon Van de Maele, Ozan Çatal, Alexander Tschantz … Tim VerbelenarXiv
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  40. 2024
    Engineering flexible machine learning systems by traversing functionally invariant pathsGuruprasad Raghavan, Bahey Tharwat, Surya N. Hari … Matt ThomsonNature Machine Intelligence · California Institute of Technology · Superior Court of California · +1
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  41. 2024
    Predictive Attractor ModelsRamy Mounir, Sudeep SarkarNeurIPS
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  42. 2024
    Task-agnostic Lifelong Robot Learning with Retrieval-based Weighted Local AdaptationPengzhi Yang, Xinyu Wang, Ruipeng Zhang … Jens KoberarXiv
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  43. 2024
    Anytime Continual Learning for Open Vocabulary ClassificationZhen Zhu, Yiming Gong, Derek HoiemECCV · University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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  44. 2025
    Self-Updatable Large Language Models by Integrating Context into Model ParametersYu Wang, Xinshuang Liu, Xiusi Chen … Julian McAuleyICLR
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    SCARF: Scalable Continual Learning Framework for Memory‐efficient Multiple Neural Radiance FieldsYuze Wang, Junyi Wang, Chen Wang … Yue QiComputer Graphics Forum · Beihang University · Shandong University of Science and Technology · +3
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  47. 2024
    Preserving Generalization of Language models in Few-shot Continual Relation ExtractionQuyen Tran, Nguyễn Xuân Thành, Nguyễn Hoàng Ánh … Thien Huu NguyenEMNLP
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  48. 2025
    LoRanPAC: Low-rank Random Features and Pre-trained Models for Bridging Theory and Practice in Continual LearningLiangzu Peng, Juan Elenter, Joshua Agterberg … René Víctor Valqui VidalICLR
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times, and only papers with a PDF we can point you at, so every title opens the paper itself. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.