Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1988 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

1,503 papers of 7,070 · showing 451–500Sort Recent · Most cited
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  5. 2025
    Memory Decoder: A Pretrained, Plug-and-Play Memory for Large Language ModelsJiaqi Cao, Jiarui Wang, Ru-Bin Wei … Zhou-Han LinNeurIPS
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  6. 2025
    TIPS: Two-level prompt selection for more stability-plasticity balance in continual learningZhikun Feng, Liang Peng, Kang Dang … Jionglong SuPattern Recognition · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · Chengdu University of Information Technology · +3
  7. 2025
    Dynamic Mixture-of-Experts for Incremental Graph LearningLecheng Kong, Theodore Vasiloudis, Seongjun Yun … Xiang SongarXiv
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  10. 2025
    MoE-Adapters++: Toward More Efficient Continual Learning of Vision-Language Models Via Dynamic Mixture-of-Experts AdaptersJiazuo Yu, Zichen Huang, Yunzhi Zhuge … You HeTPAMI · Dalian University of Technology · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · +2
  11. 2025
    Class-Specific Knowledge-Guided Multimodal Prompt Tuning for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningFangying Xiong, Zhaoquan Yuan, Xiao Wu, Changsheng XuIEEE TCSVT · Southwest Jiaotong University · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +1
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  13. 2025
    Domain-Incremental Learning Paradigm for scene understanding via Pseudo-Replay GenerationZhifeng Xie, Rui Qiu, Qile He … Xin TanGraphical Models · Shanghai University · East China Normal University
  14. 2025
    Incremental Semantic Segmentation Using Multiple Model ConsensusChun-Wei Hsu, Hsu-Yung Cheng, Tingwei Lu … S. YuIEEE International Conference on Advanced Visual and Sign… · National Central University · Chung Yuan Christian University · +1
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  16. 2025
    Playbook: Scalable Discrete Skill Discovery From Unstructured Datasets for Long-Horizon Decision-Making ProblemsMinjae Kang, Mineui Hong, Songhwai OhRA-L · Seoul National University · Carnegie Mellon University
  17. 2025
    MCITlib: Multimodal Continual Instruction Tuning Library and BenchmarkHaiyang Guo, Fei Zhu, Hongbo Zhao … Xu-Yao ZhangarXiv
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  18. 2025
    OpenHAIV: A Framework Towards Practical Open-World LearningXiang Xiang, Qinhao Zhou, Zhuo Xu … Hanlin LiarXiv
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  19. 2025
    Comparing Knowledge Injection Methods for LLMs in a Low-Resource RegimeHugo Abonizio, Thales Sales Almeida, Roberto Lotufo, Rodrigo NogueiraAnais do XXII Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificia…
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  21. 2025
    Online Continual Learning for Automatic Error Prevention in Data-Driven HRIJoshua Ravishankar, Malcolm Doering, Takayuki KandaACM Transactions · Kyoto University
  22. 2025
    Continual Learning for VLMs: A Survey and Taxonomy Beyond ForgettingYuyang Liu, Qiuhe Hong, Linlan Huang … Yonghong TianarXiv
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  23. 2025
    Federated Continual RecommendationJaehyung Lim, Wonbin Kweon, Woojoo Kim … Hwanjo YuCIKM
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  25. 2025
    TRAIL: Joint Inference and Refinement of Knowledge Graphs with Large Language ModelsXinkui Zhao, Hao-De Li, Yifan Zhang … Yue-Shen XuarXiv
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  26. 2025
    Revisiting Continual Semantic Segmentation with Pre-trained Vision ModelsDuzhen Zhang, Yong Ren, Wei Cong … Tie-Lin ZhangarXiv
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  27. 2025
    GaitAdapt: Continual Learning for Evolving Gait RecognitionJingjie Wang, Shun-Li Zhang, Xiang Wei, Senmao TianPattern Recognition
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  28. 2025
    Online Continual Graph LearningGiovanni Donghi, Luca Pasa, Daniele Zambon … Nicoló NavarinarXiv
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  29. 2025
    Context selectivity with dynamic availability enables lifelong continual learningMartin Barry, Wulfram Gerstner, Guillaume BellecNeural Networks · École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
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  30. 2025
    Slowly expanding neural network for class incremental learningZhengjin Xu, Xuyang Li, Xiaobin Chang … Ruixuan WangPattern Recognition · Sun Yat-sen University · Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province · +2
  31. 2025
    Learning to Evolve: Bayesian-Guided Continual Knowledge Graph EmbeddingLin-Yu Li, Zhi Jin, Yuanpeng He … Tashi NyimaWWW
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  33. 2025
    Revisiting Replay and Gradient Alignment for Continual Pre-Training of Large Language ModelsIstabrak Abbes, Gopeshh Subbaraj, Matthew Riemer … Irina RisharXiv
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  34. 2025
    Federated Continual Graph LearningYinlin Zhu, Miao Hu, Di WuKDD · Sun Yat-sen University
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  35. 2025
    Improving Open-world Continual Learning under the Constraints of Scarce Labeled DataYujie Li, Xiangkun Wang, Xin Yang … Tianrui LiKDD · Southwestern University of Finance and Economics · Leiden University · +2
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    Self-Supervised Continual Graph Learning via Adaptive Spaced Replay on Node ProxiesZhen Peng, Xu Hua, Jingchen Hao … Chao ShenKDD · Xi'an Jiaotong University · National University of Singapore · +1
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  39. 2025
    T2S: Tokenized Skill Scaling for Lifelong Imitation LearningHongquan Zhang, Gong, Jingyu, Z Y Zhang … Yuan XiearXiv
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  40. 2025
    Optimal protocols for continual learning via statistical physics and control theoryFrancesco Mori, Stefano Sarao Mannelli, Francesca MignaccoICLR · University of Oxford · University of the Witwatersrand · +4
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  41. 2025
    ErrorEraser: Unlearning Data Bias for Improved Continual LearningXuemei Cao, Hanlin Gu, Xin Yang … Tianrui LiKDD · Southwestern University of Finance and Economics · Southwest Jiaotong University
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  42. 2025
    E-CGL: an efficient continual graph learnerJianhao Guo, Zixuan Ni, Yun Zhu, Siliang TangFrontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering · Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
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  43. 2025
    Dynamic Routing and Distillation-Aware Fusion for LoRA-Based Continual LearningXiang Zheng, Hongquan Xu, Chao FangInternational Conference on Computer Science and Blockcha… · State Grid Corporation of China (China) · Power Grid Corporation (India)
  44. 2025
    L-GraK: Learning Long-Term Grasping Knowledge With Feature Map Distillation in Robotic GraspingJiajie Wen, Dongjiang Li, Jing Yang … Jing LuoInternational Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatr… · Shanxi University · Central China Normal University · +1
  45. 2025
    Replay Master: Automatic Sample Selection and Effective Memory Utilization for Continual Semantic SegmentationLanyun Zhu, Tianrun Chen, Jianxiong Yin … Jun LiuTPAMI · Singapore University of Technology and Design · Zhejiang University of Science and Technology · +1
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  46. 2025
    Hybrid Ensemble Framework for Imbalanced Data Streams With Concept DriftMianfen Lin, Zhiwen Yu, Kaixiang Yang, C. L. Philip ChenIEEE Transactions · South China University of Technology
  47. 2025
    Reinitializing weights vs units for maintaining plasticity in neural networksJ. Fernando Hernandez-Garcia, Shibhansh Dohare, Jun Luo, R. SuttonarXiv
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  49. 2025
    SPOT: An efficient training-free task similarity quantification method for continual learningXulong Wang, Yu Zhang, Tong Liu … Po YangPattern Recognition Letters · University of Sheffield · Hong Kong Polytechnic University
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.