Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

29 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Deep Continual Learning in the Foundation Model Era (Dagstuhl Seminar 25432)Christopher Kanan, Martin Mundt, Tinne Tuytelaars … Timm Felix HessDagstuhl reports · University of Rochester · University of Bremen · +2
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  2. 2021
    Continual Learning With Quasi-Newton MethodsSteven Vander Eeckt, Hugo Van hammeIEEE Access · KU Leuven
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  3. 2024
    Continual Learning and Catastrophic ForgettingGido M. van de Ven, Nicholas Soures, Dhireesha KudithipudiElsevier · KU Leuven · The University of Texas at San Antonio
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  4. 2025
    Continual Learning in the Presence of RepetitionHamed Hemati, Lorenzo Pellegrini, X.W. Duan … Gido M. van de VenNeural Networks · University of St.Gallen · University of Applied Sciences St. Gallen · +10
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  5. 2024
    Structured Sparse Back-propagation for Lightweight On-Device Continual Learning on Microcontroller UnitsFrancesco Paissan, Davide Nadalini, Manuele Rusci … Elisabetta FarellaCVPR · Fondazione Bruno Kessler · Politecnico di Torino · +2
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  6. 2023
    Memory Population in Continual Learning via Outlier EliminationJulio Hurtado, Alain Raymond-Sáez, Vladimir Araujo … Davide BacciuICCV · University of Pisa · Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile · +1
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  7. 2023
    Continual Learning with Pretrained Backbones by Tuning in the Input SpaceSimone Marullo, Matteo Tiezzi, Marco Gori … Tinne TuytelaarsIJCNN · University of Siena · University of Florence · +1
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  8. 2023
    Simulating Task-Free Continual Learning Streams From Existing DatasetsAristotelis Chrysakis, Marie‐Francine MoensCVPR · KU Leuven
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  9. 2023PDF ↗
  10. 2023PDF ↗
  11. 2023
    A Continual Deepfake Detection Benchmark: Dataset, Methods, and EssentialsChuqiao Li, Zhiwu Huang, Danda Pani Paudel … Luc Van GoolWACV · Singapore Management University · Xi'an Jiaotong University · +2
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  12. 2022
    Three types of incremental learningGido M. van de Ven, Tinne Tuytelaars, Andreas S. ToliasNature Machine Intelligence · Baylor College of Medicine · University of Cambridge · +2
  13. 2022
    Learning to Encode Vision on the Fly in Unknown Environments: A Continual Learning SLAM Approach for DronesAli Safa, Tim Verbelen, Ilja Ocket … Georges GielenIEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Res… · IMEC · KU Leuven · +1
  14. 2022
    Continual Learning for Monolingual End-to-End Automatic Speech RecognitionSteven Vander Eeckt, Hugo Van hammeEuropean Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO) · KU Leuven
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  15. 2022
    Entropy-based Stability-Plasticity for Lifelong LearningVladimir Araujo, Julio Hurtado, Álvaro Soto, Marie‐Francine MoensCVPR · KU Leuven · University of Pisa · +1
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  16. 2021PDF ↗
  17. 2021
    Rehearsal revealed: The limits and merits of revisiting samples in continual learningEli Verwimp, Matthias De Lange, Tinne TuytelaarsICCV · KU Leuven
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  18. 2021
    Avalanche: an End-to-End Library for Continual LearningVincenzo Lomonaco, Lorenzo Pellegrini, Andrea Cossu … Davide MaltoniCVPR · University of Pisa · University of Bologna · +12
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  19. 2021
    Ternary Feature Masks: zero-forgetting for task-incremental learningMarc Masana, Tinne Tuytelaars, Joost van de WeijerCVPR · Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Barcelona Supercomputing Center · +2
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  20. 2020
    Unsupervised Model Personalization While Preserving Privacy and Scalability: An Open ProblemMatthias De Lange, Xu Jia, Sarah Parisot … Tinne TuytelaarsCVPR · KU Leuven · Huawei Technologies (Sweden)
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  21. 2020
    More Classifiers, Less Forgetting: A Generic Multi-classifier Paradigm for Incremental LearningYu Liu, Sarah Parisot, Greg Slabaugh … Tinne TuytelaarsECCV · KU Leuven · Huawei Technologies (China) · +1
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  22. 2020
    Reparameterizing Convolutions for Incremental Multi-Task Learning without Task InterferenceMenelaos Kanakis, David Brüggemann, Suman Saha … Luc Van GoolECCV · ETH Zurich · KU Leuven
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  23. 2020
    On the Exploration of Incremental Learning for Fine-grained Image RetrievalWei Chen, Yu Liu, Weiping Wang … Michael S. LewBMVC · Leiden University · KU Leuven · +1
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  24. 2019
    Online Continual Learning with Maximally Interfered RetrievalRahaf Aljundi, Lucas Caccia, Eugene Belilovsky … Tinne TuytelaarsarXiv · McGill University · Université de Montréal · +1
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  25. 2019
    Adaptive Compression-based Lifelong LearningShivangi Srivastava, Maxim Berman, Matthew B. Blaschko, Devis TuiaSocio-Environmental Systems Modeling · Wageningen University & Research · KU Leuven
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  26. 2019
    Task-Free Continual LearningRahaf Aljundi, Klaas Kelchtermans, Tinne TuytelaarsCVPR · KU Leuven
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  27. 2019
    Gradient based sample selection for online continual learningRahaf Aljundi, Min Lin, Baptiste Goujaud, Yoshua BengioNeurIPS · KU Leuven · National University of Singapore · +1
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  28. 2018
    Memory Aware Synapses: Learning what (not) to forgetRahaf Aljundi, Francesca Babiloni, Mohamed Elhoseiny … Tinne TuytelaarsECCV · IMEC · KU Leuven · +2
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  29. 2017
    Encoder Based Lifelong LearningAmal Rannen, Rahaf Aljundi, Matthew B. Blaschko, Tinne TuytelaarsICCV · IMEC · KU Leuven
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.