Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

41 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Decomposing the Neurons: Activation Sparsity via Mixture of Experts for Continual Test Time AdaptationRongyu Zhang, Aosong Cheng, Y. Luo … Yuan DuAAAI · Hong Kong Polytechnic University · Peking University · +3
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  2. 2026
    From Storage to Experience: A Survey on the Evolution of LLM Agent Memory MechanismsJinghao Luo, Yuchen Tian, Chuxue Cao … Jing MaACL · South China Normal University · Hong Kong Baptist University · +3
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  3. 2026
    LLKF: Lifelong Learning Kalman Filter with Noise Statistics Continual LearningAndi Lin, Wen‐An Zhang, Ling Shi, Chenlong LiIEEE Transactions · Zhejiang University of Technology · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +1
  4. 2025
    Uni-IL: Unified Incremental Learning of Vision-Language Models via Mixture of Attribute-Guided ExpertsFanyu Meng, Yufeng Zhan, Jie Zhang … Yuanqing XiaACM International Conference on Multimedia in Asia · Beijing Institute of Technology · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +1
  5. 2026
    Theoretical Analysis of Mixture-of-Experts in Mobile Edge ComputingHongbo Li, Lingjie DuanIEEE Transactions · Singapore University of Technology and Design · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  6. 2025
    MDFAC: multi-dimensional feature adaptive calibration for generalized few-shot object detectionKailin Xie, Jinxiang Lai, Zijian She … Han ChenComplex & Intelligent Systems · Guangdong University of Technology · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +1
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  7. 2026
    TIPS: Two-level prompt selection for more stability-plasticity balance in continual learningZhikun Feng, Liang Peng, Kang Dang … Jionglong SuPattern Recognition · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · Chengdu University of Information Technology · +3
  8. 2025
    InfiniCL: Elastic Continual Learning for Resource-Constrained Edge DevicesChenyu Lu, Mengyang Liu, Fang Dong … Shiyao JiIEEE/ACM 33rd International Symposium on Quality of Servi… · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  9. 2024
    Handling Spatial-Temporal Data Heterogeneity for Federated Continual Learning via Tail AnchorHao Yu, Xin Yang, Le Zhang … Qiang YangCVPR · Southwestern University of Finance and Economics · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · +3
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  10. 2024
    Unleashing the Power of Continual Learning on Non-Centralized Devices: A SurveyYichen Li, Haozhao Wang, Wenchao Xu … Ruixuan LiIEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · Huazhong University of Science and Technology · Hong Kong Polytechnic University · +5
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  11. 2025
    Pareto Continual Learning: Preference-Conditioned Learning and Adaption for Dynamic Stability-Plasticity Trade-offSong Lai, Zhe Zhao, Fei Zhu … Gaofeng MengAAAI · City University of Hong Kong · City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute · +4
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  12. 2025
    Few-Shot Incremental Learning via Foreground Aggregation and Knowledge Transfer for Audio-Visual Semantic SegmentationJingqiao Xiu, Mengze Li, Zongxin Yang … Roger ZimmermannAAAI · National University of Singapore · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +4
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  13. 2025
    Prototype Conditioned Generative Replay for Continual Learning in NLPXi Chen, Min Zeng2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of… · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
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  14. 2025
    RECALL: REpresentation-aligned Catastrophic-forgetting ALLeviation via Hierarchical Model MergingBowen Wang, Haiyuan Wan, Liwen Shi … Sheng ZhangEMNLP · University Town of Shenzhen · Tsinghua–Berkeley Shenzhen Institute · +6
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  15. 2025
    Task-wrapped Continual Learning in Task-Oriented Dialogue SystemsMin Zeng, Haiqin Yang, X. T. Chen, Yike GuoNAACL · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
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  16. 2024
    Prompt-based Continual Learning for Extending Pretrained CLIP Models' KnowledgeLi Jiao, Lihong Cao, Tian WangACM International Conference on Multimedia in Asia · Communication University of China · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  17. 2024
    Prior-free Balanced Replay: Uncertainty-guided Reservoir Sampling for Long-Tailed Continual LearningLei Liu, Li Liu, Yawen CuiACM International Conference on Multimedia · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data · +3
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  18. 2024
    SR-FDIL: Synergistic Replay for Federated Domain-Incremental LearningYichen Li, Wenchao Xu, Yining Qi … Song GuoIEEE Transactions · Huazhong University of Science and Technology · Hong Kong Polytechnic University · +1
  19. 2024
    Consistent Prompting for Rehearsal-Free Continual LearningZhanxin Gao, Jun Cen, Xiaobin ChangCVPR · Sun Yat-sen University · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +1
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  20. 2024
    Effective Data Selection and Replay for Unsupervised Continual LearningHanmo Liu, Shimin Di, Haoyang Li … Xiaofang ZhouICDE · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · South China Normal University
  21. 2024
    Bilateral-Head Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks: A Unified Approach for Incremental Few-Shot Object DetectionYiting Li, Haiyue Zhu, Sichao Tian … Prahlad VadakkepatIEEE TAI · National University of Singapore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +4
  22. 2023
    Continual Learning on Dynamic Graphs via Parameter IsolationPeiyan Zhang, Yuchen Yan, Chaozhuo Li … Sunghun KimSIGIR · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Peking University · +3
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  23. 2023
    InstructAlign: High-and-Low Resource Language Alignment via Continual Crosslingual Instruction TuningSamuel Cahyawijaya, Holy Lovenia, Tiezheng Yu … Pascale FungFirst Workshop in South East Asian Language Processing · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Red Cross Hospital
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  24. 2022
    Power Law in Deep Neural Networks: Sparse Network Generation and Continual Learning With Preferential AttachmentFan Feng, Lu Hou, Qi She … James T. KwokTNNLS · City University of Hong Kong · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  25. 2022
    Camel: Managing Data for Efficient Stream LearningYiming Li, Yanyan Shen, Lei Chen2022 International Conference on Management of Data · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  26. 2022
    Representation Compensation Networks for Continual Semantic SegmentationChang–Bin Zhang, Jia-wen Xiao, Xialei Liu … Ming‐Ming ChengCVPR · Nankai University · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
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  27. 2022
    Continual Object Detection via Prototypical Task Correlation Guided Gating MechanismBinbin Yang, Xinchi Deng, Shi Han … Xiaodan LiangCVPR · Sun Yat-sen University · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +1
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  28. 2020
    Incremental Few-Shot Object Detection for RoboticsYiting Li, Haiyue Zhu, Sichao Tian … Tong Heng LeeICRA · National University of Singapore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
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  29. 2022
    Continual Attentive Fusion for Incremental Learning in Semantic SegmentationGuanglei Yang, Enrico Fini, Dan Xu … Elisa RicciIEEE Trans. Multimedia · University of Trento · Harbin Institute of Technology · +5
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  30. 2022
    Uncertainty-aware Contrastive Distillation for Incremental Semantic SegmentationGuanglei Yang, Enrico Fini, Dan Xu … Elisa RicciTPAMI · Harbin Institute of Technology · University of Trento · +2
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  31. 2021
    Conflicts between Likelihood and Knowledge Distillation in Task Incremental Learning for 3D Object DetectionYun Peng, Jun Cen, Ming LiuInternational Conference on 3D Vision (3DV) · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  32. 2021
    Deep Metric Learning for Open World Semantic SegmentationJun Cen, Yun Peng, Junhao Cai … Ming LiuICCV · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Sun Yat-sen University
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  33. 2021
    Continual learning classification method for time-varying data space based on artificial immune systemDong Li, Shulin Liu, Furong Gao, Xin SunJournal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Changzhou University · +1
  34. 2021
    In Defense of Knowledge Distillation for Task Incremental Learning and Its Application in 3D Object DetectionYun Peng, Yuxuan Liu, Ming LiuRA-L · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  35. 2020
    Continual Learning in Task-Oriented Dialogue SystemsAndrea Madotto, Zhaojiang Lin, Zhenpeng Zhou … Zhiguang WangEMNLP · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Meta (Israel) · +1
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  36. 2021
    AdaptSum: Towards Low-Resource Domain Adaptation for Abstractive SummarizationTiezheng Yu, Zihan Liu, Pascale FungNAACL · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
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  37. 2021
    Preserving Cross-Linguality of Pre-trained Models via Continual LearningZihan Liu, Genta Indra Winata, Andrea Madotto, Pascale FungWorkshop on Representation Learning for NLP (RepL4NLP-2021) · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  38. 2021
    Continual learning classification method with constant-sized memory cells based on the artificial immune systemDong Li, Shulin Liu, Furong Gao, Xin SunKnowledge-Based Systems · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Changzhou University · +1
  39. 2020
    Continual learning classification method with new labeled data based on the artificial immune systemDong Li, Shulin Liu, Furong Gao, Xin SunApplied Soft Computing · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Changzhou University · +1
  40. 2020
    Exploring Fine-tuning Techniques for Pre-trained Cross-lingual Models via Continual LearningZihan Liu, Genta Indra Winata, Andrea Madotto, Pascale FungarXiv · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
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  41. 2019
    AutoML @ NeurIPS 2018 challenge: Design and ResultsHugo Jair Escalante, Wei-Wei Tu, Isabelle Guyon … Qiang YangMachine Learning · Gleason (United States) · National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics · +8
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.