Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

1,846 papers of 8,653 · showing 201–250Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2025
    When Data Falls Short: Grokking Below the Critical ThresholdVaibhav Singh, Eugene Belilovsky, Rahaf AljundiarXiv
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  2. 2025
    CASE-LoRA: Continual Adaptation with Structurally Evolving LoRA for Class-Incremental LearningDat Quang Mac, Thanh-Nga Hoang Thi, Tri-Thanh Nguyen, Quynh-Trang Pham ThiInternational Conference on Knowledge and System Engineer… · Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group (Vietnam) · Research Institute of Posts and Telecommunications
  3. 2025
    ELLA: Enhancing Long-Tailed Online Continual Learning with Layer AugmentationDinh-Nhat Loi, Tri-Thanh Nguyen, Thanh-Hai Dang, Quynh-Trang Pham ThiInternational Conference on Knowledge and System Engineer…
  4. 2025
    FDRL: Semantic-Aware Representation Learning with Feature Drift-Resistant Space RegularizationNgoc-Linh Nguyen, Tri-Thanh Nguyen, Quynh-Trang Pham ThiInternational Conference on Knowledge and System Engineer…
  5. 2025PDF ↗
  6. 2025
    Concept Drift Detection and Adaptive Learning in Multimodal Data StreamsJiayi Peng, Shengjie TanApplied and Computational Engineering
  7. 2025
  8. 2025
    A Self-Improving Experiential AI Model a Path to Continual LearningVansh Kumar, M TanusriJournal of Current Trends in Computer Science Research
  9. 2025
    Pursuing Better Representations: Balancing Discriminability and Transferability for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningQi Li, Wei Wang, Hui Fan … Fei WenJournal of Imaging · National University of Defense Technology · Central South University of Forestry and Technology · +2
  10. 2025PDF ↗
  11. 2025
    Theoretical Analysis of Mixture-of-Experts in Mobile Edge ComputingHongbo Li, Lingjie DuanIEEE Transactions · Singapore University of Technology and Design · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
  12. 2025
    Class-Weighted Prompting for rehearsal-free class-incremental learningHong Ma, Shaofan Wang, Fuhao Wei … Baocai YinDisplays · Beijing University of Technology
  13. 2025
    Multi-modality integrated class incremental learning networks for 3D object recognitionYufei Zhang, Dongyun Lin, Xiao Zhang … Huiping ZhuangKnowledge-Based Systems · Nanyang Technological University · Wuyi University · +4
  14. 2025
    Online Continual Learning on Intel Loihi 2 via a Co-designed Spiking Neural NetworkElvin Hajizada, Danielle Rager, Timothy Shea … Michael DaviesarXiv
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  15. 2025
    Gaussian-Augmented Prototypical Network for Class-Incremental Few-Shot Relation ClassificationChenxi Hu, Yifan Hu, Yunxiang Zhao … Yangyi HuACM Transactions · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Beijing Radiation Center · +3
  16. 2025
    Random Initialization of Gated Sparse AdaptersVi Retault, Yohaï-Eliel BerrebyarXiv
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  17. 2025
    Routing-Based Continual Learning for Multimodal Large Language ModelsMohta, Jay, Ak, Kenan Emir, Lee, Gwang … Shen, MingweiarXiv
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  18. 2025PDF ↗
  19. 2025
    Online Class Incremental Learning of Acoustic Events Using Acoustic Pre-trained ModelsYao Houkpati, Darsana JosyulaIEEE International Conference on Future Machine Learning… · Bowie State University
  20. 2025
    A theory of initialisation’s impact on specialisationDevon Jarvis, Sebastian Lee, Clémentine Carla Juliette Dominé … Stefano Sarao MannelliICLR · University of the Witwatersrand · Simons Foundation · +6
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  21. 2025
    An Incremental Learning Method Based on Uncertainty CalibrationLili Liu, Bo Peng, Shen Wang … Junjie MuJournal of Physics Conference Series · China Mobile (China)
  22. 2025
    A Comparative Analysis of LLM Adaptation: SFT, LoRA, and ICL in Data-Scarce ScenariosBernd Bohnet, Rumen Dangovski, Kevin Swersky … Noah FiedelarXiv
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  23. 2025
    Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in robotic manipulation via knowledge-compositional reinforcement learningWenzhang Liu, Wanyi Yao, Ke‐Ke Yang … Changyin SunNeurocomputing · Anhui University
  24. 2025
    Parameterized Prompt for Incremental Object DetectionZijia An, Boyu Diao, Ruiqi Liu … Yongjun XuarXiv
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  25. 2025
    Bayesian continual learning and forgetting in neural networksDjohan Bonnet, Kellian Cottart, Tifenn Hirtzlin … Damien QuerliozNature Communications · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris-Saclay · +4
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  26. 2025
    Humans and neural networks show similar patterns of transfer and interference during continual learningEleanor Holton, Lukas Braun, Jessica A. F. Thompson … Christopher SummerfieldNature Human Behaviour · Princeton University · University of Oxford · +1
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  29. 2025
    From Amateur to Master: Infusing Knowledge into LLMs via Automated Curriculum LearningNishit Neema, S. Mukherjee, Sapan Shah … G. VenkatesharXiv
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  30. 2025
    An Empirical Study of Elastic Weight Consolidation on CNNs and LSTMs for Continual LearningDevashish Bhirdi, T. Khot, Pratik Survase … Sunil J. RaykarIEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Distribut…
  31. 2025PDF ↗
  32. 2025
    Bridging Inter-Task Gap of Continual Self-Supervised Learning With External DataHaori Lu, Xusheng Cao, Linlan Huang … Xialei LiuIEEE TCSVT · Nankai University
  33. 2025
    Amplitude-aware Domain Style Replay for Lifelong Person Re-identificationLong Chen, De Cheng, Shizhou Zhang … Yanning ZhangACM MM
  34. 2025PDF ↗
  35. 2025
    FAGR: Feature-Action Generative Replay for Robot Lifelong Imitation LearningYushi Yang, Xiangli Nie, Chang LiuRA-L · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Automation · +2
  36. 2025
    FedLEM: Federated Learning with Local Episodic Memory for Data HeterogeneityNafas Gul Saadat, Santhosh Kumar G.TENCON 2025 - 2025 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON) · Cochin University of Science and Technology
  37. 2025
    Learning without Forgetting Attention Scores - Attention Score Distillation for Online Continual LearningAdjovi K.X. Sim, Z.F. Wang, Aik Beng Ng … Wonmin Byeon2025 18th International Conference on Computer Science an… · Singapore Institute of Technology · Nvidia (United States)
  38. 2025
  39. 2025
    Adaptive Additive Parameter Updates of Vision Transformers for Few-Shot Continual LearningKyle Stein, Andrew A. Mahyari, Guillermo Francia, Eman El-SheikhAsilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers · University of West Florida
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  40. 2025
    Balanced Contrast Class-Incremental LearningShiqi Yu, Luojun Lin, Yuanlong YuCAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology · Fuzhou University
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  41. 2025
    PSCD: Synergistic optimization of parameter sharing and chain distillation for plasticity-stability balance in continual learningHaijie Jiang, Suhang Wei, Xiang Feng, Huiqun YuKnowledge-Based Systems · East China University of Science and Technology
  42. 2025
    Decentralized continual learning: A Multi-objective Minimization techniqueYara Zgheib, Gustavo Faia Fagundes, Marc Antonini, Roula NassifAsilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
  43. 2025
    Analytic Continual Test-Time Adaptation for Multi-Modality CorruptionYufei Zhang, Yicheng Xu, Hongxin Wei … Huiping ZhuangACM International Conference on Multimedia · South China University of Technology · Institute of Science Tokyo · +2
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  44. 2025
    DSS-Prompt: Dynamic-Static Synergistic Prompting for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningLinpu He, Yanan Li, Bingze Li … Donghui WangACM International Conference on Multimedia · Zhejiang University of Science and Technology · Zhejiang Lab · +1
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  45. 2025
    Learning New Concepts, Remembering the Old: Continual Learning for Multimodal Concept Bottleneck ModelsSongning Lai, Mingqian Liao, Zhangyi Hu … Yutao YueACM International Conference on Multimedia · Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials · University of Hong Kong · +3
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  46. 2025
    TongGu-VL: Advancing Visual-Language Understanding in Chinese Classical Studies through Parameter Sensitivity-Guided Instruction TuningJiahuan Cao, Yang Liu, Peirong Zhang … Lianwen JinACM International Conference on Multimedia · South China University of Technology · Shanghai Medical Information Center
  47. 2025
    Analytic Synaptic Dynamic Scaling Balancer for Multimodal Deepfake Continual DetectionMan Xiao, Jianbin Ye, Bo Liu … Xiaodong WangACM International Conference on Multimedia · National University of Defense Technology · Academy of Military Medical Sciences
  48. 2025
    CFSSeg: Closed-Form Solution for Class-Incremental Semantic Segmentation of 2D Images and 3D Point CloudsJia Xu Li, Rui Li, Jianyu Qi … Huiping ZhuangACM International Conference on Multimedia · Central South University · Zhengzhou University · +4
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  49. 2025
    Forward-Only Continual LearningJiao Chen, Jiayi He, Fangfang Chen … Jianhua TangACM International Conference on Multimedia · South China University of Technology
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  50. 2025
    Multiple Queries with Multiple Keys: A Precise Prompt Matching Paradigm for Prompt-based Continual LearningDunwei Tu, Huiyu Yi, Yuchi Wang … Furao ShenACM MM · Nanjing University
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.