Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

16 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2025
    Lifelong Learning of Large Language Model Based Agents: A RoadmapJunhao Zheng, Chengming Shi, Xidi Cai … Qianli MaTPAMI · South China University of Technology · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · +2
    PDF ↗
  2. 2025PDF ↗
  3. 2025
    Developing Evolving Adaptability in Biological Intelligence: A Novel Biologically-Inspired Continual Learning Model for Video Saliency PredictionDandan Zhu, Kaiwei Zhang, Kun Zhu … Xiaokang YangTPAMI · East China Normal University · Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory · +3
  4. 2025
    A Theoretical Perspective on Streaming Noisy Data With Distribution ShiftWenshui Luo, Shuo Chen, Tao Zhou, Chen GongTPAMI · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Nanjing University of Science and Technology
  5. 2025
    VPT-NSP2++: Importance-Aware Visual Prompt Tuning in Null Space for Continual LearningShizhou Zhang, Yue Lu, De Cheng … Yanning ZhangTPAMI · Northwestern Polytechnical University · Xidian University
  6. 2025
    Release the Potential of Memory Buffer in Continual Learning: A Dynamic System PerspectiveZhenyi Wang, Li Shen, Tiehang Duan … Dacheng TaoTPAMI · University of Central Florida · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada) · +6
  7. 2025
    Schedule-Robust Continual LearningRuohan Wang, Marco Ciccone, Massimiliano Pontil, Carlo CilibertoTPAMI · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research · +3
  8. 2025
    Model Rectification With Simultaneous Incremental Feature and Partial Label SetXijia Tang, Chao Xu, Chenping HouTPAMI · National University of Defense Technology
  9. 2025
    MoE-Adapters++: Toward More Efficient Continual Learning of Vision-Language Models Via Dynamic Mixture-of-Experts AdaptersJiazuo Yu, Zichen Huang, Yunzhi Zhuge … You HeTPAMI · Dalian University of Technology · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · +2
  10. 2025
  11. 2025
    Replay Master: Automatic Sample Selection and Effective Memory Utilization for Continual Semantic SegmentationLanyun Zhu, Tianrun Chen, Jianxiong Yin … Jun LiuTPAMI · Singapore University of Technology and Design · Zhejiang University of Science and Technology · +1
    PDF ↗
  12. 2025
  13. 2025
    Continual Unsupervised Generative ModelingFei Ye, Adrian G. BorşTPAMI · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · University of York
    PDF ↗
  14. 2025
    Re-Fed+: A Better Replay Strategy for Federated Incremental LearningYichen Li, Haozhao Wang, Yining Qi … Ruixuan LiTPAMI · Huazhong University of Science and Technology
  15. 2025
    Replay Without Saving: Prototype Derivation and Distribution Rebalance for Class-Incremental Semantic SegmentationJ.R. Chen, Runmin Cong, Yuxuan Luo … Sam KwongTPAMI · City University of Hong Kong · Shandong University
  16. 2025
    Revisiting Flatness-Aware Optimization in Continual Learning With Orthogonal Gradient ProjectionEnneng Yang, Li Shen, Zhenyi Wang … Dacheng TaoTPAMI · Northeastern University · Sun Yat-sen University · +3
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.