Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

1,704 papers of 8,653 · showing 201–250Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2025PDF ↗
  2. 2025
    Keeping Code-Aware LLMs Fresh: Full Refresh, In-Context Deltas, and Incremental Fine-TuningSharma, Pradeep Kumar, Puri, Ishaan, Singh, Mantinder Jit … Shrivastava, HritvikarXiv
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  4. 2025
    WebCoach: Self-Evolving Web Agents with Cross-Session Memory GuidanceGenglin Liu, Shijie Geng, Sha Li … Tianyi LiuarXiv
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  7. 2025
    Foundations of a Developmental Design Paradigm for Integrated Continual Learning, Deliberative Behavior, and ComprehensibilityZeki Doruk Erden, Boi FaltingsIEEE TETCI · École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
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  8. 2025PDF ↗
  9. 2025
    Catastrophic Forgetting in Kolmogorov-Arnold NetworksMohammad Marufur Rahman, G. Wang, Kaixiong Zhou … Fan YangAAAI
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  10. 2025
    CSCL: Bridging the plasticity-stability gap in continuous supervised contrastive learningYi Xiong, Liqi Xiang, Qianyue Cao … Xuehai ZhouNeural Networks · University of Science and Technology of China · Suzhou University of Science and Technology
  11. 2025
    Neuro-Logic Lifelong LearningBowen He, Xiaoan Xu, Alper Kamil Bozkurt … Juncheng DongarXiv
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  12. 2025PDF ↗
  13. 2025
    Continual Learning for Multilingual Neural Machine Translation via Meta-Contrastive Memory ReplayLin Zhou, Degen Huang, Junpeng Liu … Kaiyu HuangSpringer LNCS · Dalian University of Technology · Université de Montréal · +1
  14. 2025
    Teaching Prompts to Coordinate: Hierarchical Layer-Grouped Prompt Tuning for Continual LearningShengqin Jiang, T. Yung Kong, Yuankai Qi … Ming–Hsuan YangarXiv
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  15. 2025
    Evasion Attacks in Continual LearningNiklas Bunzel, Aino SchwarteIEEE 24th International Conference on Trust, Security and… · Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology · Technische Universität Darmstadt
  16. 2025
    Preserving Cross-Modal Consistency for CLIP-based Class-Incremental LearningHaoran Chen, H. Y. Xu, Micah Goldblum … Wu, ZuxuanarXiv
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  17. 2025
    Continual Learning Model with Dynamic Adaptation and Flexibility for Incremental ClassesMinami Hotta, Nobuyuki Ogasawara, Kengo Miyajima … Masayuki GotoApplied Sciences · Waseda University
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  18. 2025
    Gene Incremental Learning for Single-Cell TranscriptomicsJiaxin Qi, Yan Cui, Jianqiang Huang, Gaogang XieAAAI
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  19. 2025PDF ↗
  20. 2025
    TT-LoRA MoE: Using Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning and Sparse Mixture-Of-ExpertsPradip Kunwar, Minh N. Vu, Maanak Gupta … Manish BhattaraiInternational Conference on Software Composition · Tennessee Technological University · Los Alamos National Laboratory · +1
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  21. 2025
    Data Heterogeneity and Forgotten Labels in Split Federated LearningJoana Tirana, Dimitra Tsigkari, David Noguéro, Nicolas KourtellisAAAI
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  22. 2025
    CAST-GNN: Continual Adaptive Learning for Custom Spatio-Temporal Knowledge Graphs via Graph Neural NetworksGözde Ayşe Tataroğlu Özbulak, Yash Raj Shrestha, Jean-Paul CalbimonteICDM · University of Lausanne · HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland
  23. 2025
    Compact Memory for Continual Logistic RegressionYohan Jung, Hyungi Lee, Wenlong Chen … Mohammad Emtiyaz KhanNeurIPS
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  24. 2025
    GEM-Style Constraints for PEFT with Dual Gradient Projection in LoRABrian Tekmen, Jason Yin, Qianqian TongICDM · University of North Carolina at Greensboro · North Carolina State University
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  25. 2025
    Knowledge-guided Continual Learning for Behavioral Analytics SystemsYasas Senarath, Hemant PurohitIEEE 7th International Conference on Cognitive Machine In… · George Mason University
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  26. 2025PDF ↗
  27. 2025
    Enabling Lifelong Learning in AI with Biologically-inspired Neural Networks Based on Short-Term, Working, and Long-Term Memory*Hanav ModasiyaIEEE 7th International Conference on Cognitive Machine In… · Santa Clara University
  28. 2025PDF ↗
  29. 2025
    Improving Sustainability of Adversarial Examples in Class-Incremental LearningTaifeng Liu, Xinjing Liu, Dong, Liangqiu … Zhuo MaAAAI
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  30. 2025
    LifelongSkill: Toward Modality-Varying Lifelong Learning with Latent Knowledge HypergraphJiayi Chen, Kishlay Jha, Aidong ZhangICDM · University of Virginia · University of Iowa
  31. 2025
    Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting Using Improved Clustering-Based Episodic MemoryOwen Beabout, Abigail Dodd, Titus Murphy, Enyue LuICDM · Salisbury University · University of Virginia · +1
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  34. 2025
    Hippocampal indexing alters the stability landscape of synaptic weight space allowing life-long learningOscar C. González, Ryan Golden, Erik Delanois … Maxim BazhenovbioRxiv · University of Colorado Boulder · University of California San Diego · +3
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  35. 2025
    Learning with Preserving for Continual Multitask LearningHanchen David Wang, Siwoo Bae, Zirong Chen, Meiyi MaAAAI
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  36. 2025PDF ↗
  37. 2025
    CEM: A Data-Efficient Method for Large Language Models to Continue Evolving From MistakesHaokun Zhao, Jinyi Han, Jie Shi … Fei YuCIKM · Fudan University · East China Normal University · +1
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  38. 2025
    Bamboo: A Novel Session-Aware Framework With Equiangular Tight Frame Prototypes for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningXinrong Lu, Zhe Wang, Zhiling Fu … Wenli DuTNNLS · East China University of Science and Technology · Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
  39. 2025
    Robotic Grasping Detection Based on Continual Learning Using Perceptual Loss and Multibranch Deep FusionQiaokang Liang, Yang Lai, Songyun Deng … Li ZhouIEEE Sensors Journal · Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
  40. 2025
    Towards Robust Continual Test-Time Adaptation via Neighbor FiltrationTaki Hasan Rafi, Amit Agarwal, Hitesh Laxmichand Patel, Dong‐Kyu ChaeCIKM · Hanyang University · Liverpool John Moores University · +1
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  41. 2025
    Continual Learning of Domain Knowledge from Human Feedback in Text-to-SQLThomas A. Cook, Patel, Kelly, Sivapriya Vellaichamy … Sumitra GanesharXiv
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  42. 2025
    ExpReS-VLA: Specializing Vision-Language-Action Models Through Experience Replay and RetrievalShahram Najam Syed, Yatharth Ahuja, Arthur Jakobsson, Jeff IchnowskiarXiv
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  43. 2025
    Mixtures of SubExperts for Large Language Continual LearningHaeyong Kang, Yoon, Hee Suk, Feng, Dahua, Yoo, Chang D.arXiv
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  44. 2025
    DebiasedKGE: Towards Mitigating Spurious Forgetting in Continual Knowledge Graph EmbeddingJunlin Zhu, Bo Fu, Guiduo DuanCIKM · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
  45. 2025
    CDFFCIL: Comprehensive Framework for Data-Free Federated Class-Incremental LearningWei Liu, Zhaoyun Ding, Lailong Luo … Cheng ZhuInternational Conference on Big Data and Information Anal… · National University of Defense Technology
  46. 2025
    Hyperbolic Prompt Learning for Incremental Event Detection with LLMsXiujin Zhang, Wenxin Jin, Haotian Hong … Li SunCIKM · North China Electric Power University · Anhui University of Science and Technology · +2
  47. 2025
    SEDEG:Sequential Enhancement of Decoder and Encoder's Generality for Class Incremental Learning with Small MemoryShaoling Pu, Hongyang Chen, Lingyu Zheng, Zhongwu SunSpringer CCIS · Zhejiang Lab · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
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  48. 2025
    TMEA: Task-Modularized Evolutionary Aggregation for Federated Continual LearningPan Wang, Gao Mt, Quan Wen … Yaohong ZhangInternational Conference on Big Data and Information Anal… · National University of Defense Technology
  49. 2025
    Learn More, Forget Less: A Gradient-Aware Data Selection Approach for LLMLiu, Yibai, Shihang Wang, Liu, Zeming … Yunhong WangarXiv
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  50. 2025
    Class-aware prototype augmentation and decoupled feature distillation for class-incremental learningChengdong Wang, Yangjun Ou, Xianfang Tang … Rui YanPattern Recognition · Hefei University of Technology · Wuhan Textile University · +2
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.