Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

29 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2025
    HMEN: A hybrid modular network with dynamic expansion for continual learningZiye Fang, Bo Wan, Shangqi Guo, Jian K. LiuKnowledge-Based Systems · Xidian University · Human Computer Interaction (Switzerland) · +2
  2. 2025
    Rethinking domain-agnostic continual learning via frequency completeness learningJian Peng, Haitao Zhang, Jing Shen … Haifeng LiInformation Fusion · Space Engineering University · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +5
  3. 2025
    Rethinking Obscured Sub-Optimality in Analytic Learning for Exemplar-Free Class-Incremental LearningZijian Gao, Kele Xu, Xingxing Zhang … Huaimin WangIEEE TCSVT · National University of Defense Technology · Tsinghua University · +1
  4. 2025
    SMoLoRa: Exploring and Defying Dual Catastrophic Forgetting in Continual Visual Instruction TuningZiqi Wang, C. Che, Qi Wang … Meng WangICCV · Hefei University of Technology · Tsinghua University · +1
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  5. 2025
    Dynamic Multi-Layer Null Space Projection for Vision-Language Continual LearningBorui Kang, Lei Wang, Zhiping Wu … Weiwei LiICCV · Nanjing University · University of Wollongong · +2
  6. 2025
    Adversarial Robust Memory-Based Continual LearnerXiaoyue Mi, Fan Tang, Zonghan Yang … Yang LiuICCV · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Computing Technology · +1
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  7. 2025
    Lifelong Morphology Learning for Deformable Embodied AgentsYinsong Wang, Jing Zhao, Yubo Yang … Huaping LiuIROS · North China Electric Power University · Shanghai Institute of Technology · +2
  8. 2025
    MoE-Adapters++: Toward More Efficient Continual Learning of Vision-Language Models Via Dynamic Mixture-of-Experts AdaptersJiazuo Yu, Zichen Huang, Yunzhi Zhuge … You HeTPAMI · Dalian University of Technology · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · +2
  9. 2025
    GenCNER: A Generative Framework for Continual Named Entity RecognitionYawen Yang, Fukun Ma, Shiao Meng … Lijie WenIJCNN · Tsinghua University
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  10. 2025
    Knowledge Memorization and Rumination for Pre-trained Model-based Class-Incremental LearningZijian Gao, Wangwang Jia, Xingxing Zhang … Huaimin WangCVPR · National University of Defense Technology · Tsinghua University
  11. 2025
    Meta-Tuner: Meta-trained node-specific transformations for Graph Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningZhengnan Li, Jun Fang, Jun-Bo Wang … Yunxiao QinExpert Systems with Applications · Communication University of China · Tsinghua University · +1
  12. 2025
    HiDe-PET: Continual Learning via Hierarchical Decomposition of Parameter-Efficient TuningLiyuan Wang, Jingyi Xie, Xingxing Zhang … Jun ZhuTPAMI · Tsinghua University
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  13. 2025
    Maintaining Fairness in Logit-based Knowledge Distillation for Class-Incremental LearningZijian Gao, Shanhao Han, Xingxing Zhang … Huaimin WangAAAI · National University of Defense Technology · Tsinghua University
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  14. 2025
    Specifying What You Know or Not for Multi-Label Class-Incremental LearningAoting Zhang, Dongbao Yang, Chang Liu … Yu ZhouAAAI · Institute of Information Engineering · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +3
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  15. 2025
    DCA: Dividing and Conquering Amnesia in Incremental Object DetectionAoting Zhang, Dongbao Yang, Chang Liu … Yu ZhouAAAI · Institute of Information Engineering · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +3
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  16. 2025
    Using samples with label noise for robust continual learningHongyi Nie, Shiqi Fan, Yang Liu … Zhen WangNeural Networks · Northwestern Polytechnical University · Tsinghua University
  17. 2025
    Class-Aware Prompting for Federated Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningFang-Yi Liang, Yu-Wei Zhan, Jiale Liu … Xin-Shun XuIEEE TCSVT · Shandong University · Tsinghua University
  18. 2025
    Dynamic Object Queries for Transformer-based Incremental Object DetectionJichuan Zhang, Wei Li, Shuang Cheng … Shengjin WangICASSP · Tsinghua University · Chinese Academy of Sciences
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  19. 2025
    Preserving and combining knowledge in robotic lifelong reinforcement learningYuan Meng, Zhenshan Bing, Xiangtong Yao … Alois KnollNature Machine Intelligence · Technical University of Munich · Nanjing University · +2
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  20. 2025
    Hybrid neural networks for continual learning inspired by corticohippocampal circuitsQianqian Shi, Faqiang Liu, Hongyi Li … Rong ZhaoNature Communications · Chinese Institute for Brain Research · Tsinghua University · +1
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  21. 2025
    Metaplasticity‐Enabled Graphene Quantum Dot Devices for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Artificial Neural Networks (Adv. Mater. 6/2025)Xuemeng Fan, Anzhe Chen, Zongwen Li … Yishu ZhangAdvanced Materials · Zhejiang University of Science and Technology · Zhejiang University · +1
  22. 2025
    Contrastive Augmented Graph2Graph Memory Interaction for Few Shot Continual LearningBiqing Qi, Junqi Gao, Xinquan Chen … Bowen ZhouIEEE TCSVT · Tsinghua University · Harbin Institute of Technology
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  23. 2025
    RECALL: REpresentation-aligned Catastrophic-forgetting ALLeviation via Hierarchical Model MergingBowen Wang, Haiyuan Wan, Liwen Shi … Sheng ZhangEMNLP · University Town of Shenzhen · Tsinghua–Berkeley Shenzhen Institute · +6
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  24. 2025
    Exploiting Task Relationships in Continual Learning via Transferability-Aware Task EmbeddingsYanru Wu, Jianning Wang, Xiangyu Chen … Yang LiNeurIPS · Tsinghua University · Harbin Institute of Technology · +3
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  25. 2025
    KEFT: Knowledge-Enhanced Fine-Tuning for Large Language Models in Domain-Specific Question AnsweringHaiyun Li, Jixin Zhang, Hua Shen … Xiaofeng HuangTACL · Tsinghua–Berkeley Shenzhen Institute · Hubei University of Technology · +2
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  26. 2025
    SPFL: Sequential updates with Parallel aggregation for Enhanced Federated Learning under Category and Domain ShiftsHaoyuan Liang, Shilei Cao, Li Feng Li … Juepeng ZhengNeurIPS · Tsinghua University
  27. 2025
    Hybrid Re-matching for Continual Learning with Parameter-Efficient TuningWeicheng Wang, Guoli Jia, Xialei Liu … Jufeng YangNeurIPS · Nankai University · Tsinghua University
  28. 2025
    Enhancing Consistency and Mitigating Bias: A Data Replay Approach for Incremental LearningChenyang Wang, Junjun Jiang, Xingyu Hu … Xiangyang JiNeural Networks · Harbin Institute of Technology · Tsinghua University
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  29. 2025
    Adaptive Synaptic Scaling in Spiking Networks for Continual Learning and Enhanced RobustnessMingkun Xu, Faqiang Liu, Yifan Hu … Lei DengTNNLS · Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Technology · Tsinghua University · +2
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.