Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

35 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Elastic Multi-Gradient Descent for Parallel Continual LearningFan Lyu, Wei Feng, Yuepan Li … Liang WangTPAMI · Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Tianjin University · +2
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  2. 2026
    Generalized few-shot intent detection by prompt learning without forgettingChaiyut Luoyiching, Yangning Li, Rongsheng Li … Hong‐Gee KimNeural Computing and Applications · University Town of Shenzhen · Tsinghua University · +3
  3. 2026
    GAIN: Global-Atomic INteraction Graph for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningFan Lyu, Linglan Zhao, Changli Liu … Liang WangIEEE TCSVT · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Automation · +6
  4. 2026
    Lifelong Learning of Large Language Model Based Agents: A RoadmapJunhao Zheng, Chengming Shi, Xidi Cai … Qianli MaTPAMI · South China University of Technology · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · +2
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  5. 2026
    Type-Balanced Contextual Learning for Incremental Named Entity RecognitionDuzhen Zhang, Yahan Yu, Xiuyi Chen … Dong YuIEEE TAI · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · Kyoto University · +2
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  6. 2025
    One-for-More: Continual Diffusion Model for Anomaly DetectionXiaofan Li, Xin Tan, Zhuo Chen … Yuan XieCVPR · East China Normal University · Xiamen University · +2
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  7. 2025
    Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning via Asymmetric Supervised Contrastive LearningDuo Liu, Linglan Zhao, Zhongqiang Zhang … Liang WangIEEE TCSVT · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Tencent (China) · +4
  8. 2025
    Uncertainty-Calibrated Test-Time Model Adaptation Without ForgettingMingkui Tan, Guohao Chen, Jiaxiang Wu … Shuaicheng NiuTPAMI · South China University of Technology · National University of Singapore · +2
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  9. 2025
    Instruct Where the Model Fails: Generative Data Augmentation via Guided Self-contrastive Fine-tuningWeijian Ma, Ruoxin Chen, Ke-Yue Zhang … Shouhong DingAAAI · Fudan University · Tencent (China)
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  10. 2025
    An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-TuningYun Luo, Zhen Yang, Fandong Meng … Yue ZhangIEEE Transactions · Westlake University · Tencent (China)
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  11. 2025
    Source-Free Elastic Model Adaptation for Vision-and-Language NavigationMingkui Tan, Peihao Chen, Hongyan Zhi … Runhao ZengIEEE Trans. Multimedia · South China University of Technology · Tencent (China) · +4
  12. 2025
    Exploring Stability-Plasticity Trade-Offs for Continual Named Entity RecognitionDuzhen Zhang, Chenxing Li, Jiahua Dong … Dong YuIEEE Transactions · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · Tencent (China) · +3
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  13. 2025
    WI3D: Weakly Incremental 3D Detection via Vision Foundation ModelsMingsheng Li, Sijin Chen, Shengji Tang … Tao ChenIEEE Trans. Multimedia · Fudan University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
  14. 2024
    Incremental Image Generation with Diffusion Models by Label Embedding Initialization and FusionBing Li, Dongdong Ren, Hao Liu … Yang Gaoon Continual Learning meets Multimodal Foundation Models:… · Nanjing University · Tencent (China)
  15. 2024
    MultiVFL: A Training-Efficient Framework for Multiple Vertical Federated LearningJu Huang, Lan Zhang, Cheng Ding … Lan XuInternational Conference on Big Data Computing and Commun… · University of Science and Technology of China · Tencent (China)
  16. 2024
    Relation Knowledge Distillation Based on Prompt Learning for Generalized Few-Shot Intent DetectionChaiyut Luoyiching, Yangning Li, Yinghui Li … Hanjing SuIJCNN · Tsinghua University · Tencent (China)
  17. 2024
    Task-Adaptive Saliency Guidance for Exemplar-Free Class Incremental LearningXialei Liu, Jiang-Tian Zhai, Andrew D. Bagdanov … Ming‐Ming ChengCVPR · Nankai University · University of Florence · +1
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  18. 2024
    Learning Task-Aware Language-Image Representation for Class-Incremental Object DetectionHongquan Zhang, Bin-Bin Gao, Yi Zeng … Yuan XieAAAI · East China Normal University · Tencent (China) · +1
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  19. 2021
    Relational Experience Replay: Continual Learning by Adaptively Tuning Task-Wise RelationshipQuanziang Wang, Renzhen Wang, Yuexiang Li … Deyu MengIEEE Trans. Multimedia · Xi'an Jiaotong University · Tencent (China) · +1
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  20. 2024
    Continual Learning with Semi-supervised Contrastive Distillation for Incremental Neural Machine TranslationYunlong Liang, Fandong Meng, Jiaan Wang … Jie ZhouACL · Beijing Jiaotong University · Tencent (China)
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  21. 2023
    Cross-Modal Alternating Learning With Task-Aware Representations for Continual LearningWujin Li, Bin-Bin Gao, Bizhong Xia … Feng ZhengIEEE Trans. Multimedia · University Town of Shenzhen · Tsinghua University · +2
  22. 2023
    Masked Autoencoders are Efficient Class Incremental LearnersJiang-Tian Zhai, Xialei Liu, Andrew D. Bagdanov … Ming‐Ming ChengICCV · Nankai University · University of Florence · +1
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  23. 2023
    Instance and Category Supervision are Alternate Learners for Continual LearningXudong Tian, Zhizhong Zhang, Xin Tan … Yuan XieICCV · Chongqing Normal University · Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer Software Testing and Evaluating · +3
  24. 2023
    Distributionally Robust Memory Evolution With Generalized Divergence for Continual LearningZhenyi Wang, Li Shen, Tiehang Duan … Mingchen GaoTPAMI · University of Maryland, College Park · Jingdong (China) · +2
  25. 2024
    Dynamics-Adaptive Continual Reinforcement Learning via Progressive ContextualizationTiantian Zhang, Zichuan Lin, Yuxing Wang … Xiu LiTNNLS · Tencent (China) · Tsinghua University · +1
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  26. 2023
    Rethinking Gradient Projection Continual Learning: Stability/Plasticity Feature Space DecouplingZhen Zhao, Zhizhong Zhang, Xin Tan … Lizhuang MaCVPR · East China Normal University · Tencent (China) · +1
  27. 2023
    Multi-Centroid Task Descriptor for Dynamic Class Incremental InferenceTenghao Cai, Zhizhong Zhang, Xin Tan … Yuan XieCVPR · East China Normal University · Xiamen University · +1
  28. 2023
    Knowledge Transfer in Incremental Learning for Multilingual Neural Machine TranslationKaiyu Huang, Peng Li, Jin Ma … Yang LiuACL · Tsinghua University · Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence · +5
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  29. 2022
    Multi-criteria Selection of Rehearsal Samples for Continual LearningZhuang Chen, Shaoli Huang, Gong Cheng, Jifeng NingPattern Recognition · Northwest A&F University · Tencent (China) · +1
  30. 2022
    Lifelong Person Re-identification by Pseudo Task Knowledge PreservationWenhang Ge, Junlong Du, Ancong Wu … Wei‐Shi ZhengAAAI · Sun Yat-sen University · Tencent (China)
  31. 2023
    Dynamic Support Network for Few-Shot Class Incremental LearningBoyu Yang, Mingbao Lin, Yunxiao Zhang … Qixiang YeTPAMI · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · Xiamen University · +2
  32. 2022
    Entropy-Based Vocabulary Substitution for Incremental Learning in Multilingual Neural Machine TranslationKaiyu Huang, Peng Li, Jin Ma, Yang LiuEMNLP · Tsinghua University · Peng Cheng Laboratory · +5
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  33. 2021
    One Person, One Model, One World: Learning Continual User Representation without ForgettingFajie Yuan, Guoxiao Zhang, Alexandros Karatzoglou … Yudong LiENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) · Tencent (China) · Westlake University · +2
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  34. 2020
    Continual Relation Learning via Episodic Memory Activation and ReconsolidationXu Han, Yi Dai, Tianyu Gao … Jie ZhouACL · Intelligent Systems Research (United States) · Intelligent Health (United Kingdom) · +3
  35. 2020
    Disentangle-based Continual Graph Representation LearningXiaoyu Kou, Yankai Lin, Shaobo Liu … Yan ZhangEMNLP · Peking University · Tencent (China)
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.