Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

32 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2025
    FOCUS: Frequency-Optimized Conditioning of diffUSion models for mitigating catastrophic forgetting during test-time adaptationGabriel Tjio, Jie Zhang, Xulei Yang … Qing GuoMachine Vision and Applications · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Nanyang Technological University · +4
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  2. 2024
    Caption, Create, Continue: Continual Learning with Pre-trained Generative Vision-Language ModelsIndu Solomon, Aye Phyu Phyu Aung, Uttam Kumar, J. SenthilnathCIKM · International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
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  3. 2025
    Multi-modality integrated class incremental learning networks for 3D object recognitionYufei Zhang, Dongyun Lin, Xiao Zhang … Huiping ZhuangKnowledge-Based Systems · Nanyang Technological University · Wuyi University · +4
  4. 2025
    PROL: Rehearsal Free Continual Learning in Streaming Data via Prompt Online LearningM. Anwar Ma’sum, Mahardhika Pratama, Savitha Ramasamy … Ryszard KowalczykICCV · University of South Australia · Institute for Infocomm Research
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  5. 2025
    Schedule-Robust Continual LearningRuohan Wang, Marco Ciccone, Massimiliano Pontil, Carlo CilibertoTPAMI · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research · +3
  6. 2025
    Few-Shot Incremental Learning via Foreground Aggregation and Knowledge Transfer for Audio-Visual Semantic SegmentationJingqiao Xiu, Mengze Li, Zongxin Yang … Roger ZimmermannAAAI · National University of Singapore · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +4
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  7. 2025
    Dynamic Adapter Tuning for Long-Tailed Class-Incremental LearningYanan Gu, Muli Yang, Xu Yang … Cheng DengWACV · China North Industries Group Corporation (China) · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
  8. 2025
    AIC3DOD: Advancing Indoor Class-Incremental 3D Object Detection with Point Transformer Architecture and Room Layout ConstraintsZhongyao Cheng, Fang‐Xiang Wu, Peisheng Qian … Xulei YangWACV · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research
  9. 2025
    WI3D: Weakly Incremental 3D Detection via Vision Foundation ModelsMingsheng Li, Sijin Chen, Shengji Tang … Tao ChenIEEE Trans. Multimedia · Fudan University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
  10. 2024
    SDCoT++: Improved Static-Dynamic Co-Teaching for Class-Incremental 3D Object DetectionNa Zhao, Peisheng Qian, Fang Wu … Gim Hee LeeTIP · Singapore University of Technology and Design · National University of Singapore · +2
  11. 2025
    Memory-Enhanced Confidence Calibration for Class-Incremental Unsupervised Domain AdaptationJiaping Yu, Muli Yang, Aming Wu, Cheng DengIEEE Trans. Multimedia · Xidian University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
  12. 2024
    PIP: Prototypes-Injected Prompt for Federated Class Incremental LearningM. Anwar Ma’sum, Mahardhika Pratama, Savitha Ramasamy … Ryszard KowalczykCIKM · University of South Australia · Institute for Infocomm Research
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  13. 2024
    Developmental Predictive Coding Model for Early Infancy Mono and Bilingual Vocal Continual LearningXiaodan Chen, Alexandre Pitti, Mathias Quoy, Nancy F. ChenSpringer LNCS · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · +7
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  14. 2024
    Chameleon: Dual Memory Replay for Online Continual Learning on Edge DevicesShivam Aggarwal, Kuluhan Binici, Tulika MitraIEEE Transactions · National University of Singapore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
  15. 2021
    Tuned Compositional Feature Replays for Efficient Stream LearningMorgan B. Talbot, Rushikesh Zawar, Rohil Badkundri … Gabriel KreimanTNNLS · Boston Children's Hospital · Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology · +6
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  16. 2021
    Continual Learning: Fast and SlowQuang Pham, Chenghao Liu, Steven C. H. HoiTPAMI · Institute for Infocomm Research · Singapore Management University
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  17. 2023
    Multi-Modal Continual Test-Time Adaptation for 3D Semantic SegmentationHaozhi Cao, Yuecong Xu, Jianfei Yang … Lihua XieICCV · Nanyang Technological University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
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  18. 2023
    COCO-TEACH: A Contrastive Co-Teaching Network For Incremental 3D Object DetectionZhongyao Cheng, Cen Chen, Ziyuan Zhao … Xulei YangICIP · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research
  19. 2023
    Online Continual Learning for Control of Mobile RobotsAndriy Sarabakha, Zhongzheng Qiao, Savitha Ramasamy, Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam SuganthanIJCNN · Nanyang Technological University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
  20. 2023
    Class-Incremental Learning on Multivariate Time Series Via Shape-Aligned Temporal DistillationZhongzheng Qiao, Minghui Hu, Xudong Jiang … Savitha RamasamyICASSP · Nanyang Technological University · Institute for Infocomm Research · +1
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  21. 2022
    Contrastive R-CNN for Incremental Learning in Object DetectionPeisheng Qian, Kai Zheng, Cen Chen … Hui Li TanIEEE Smartworld, Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing,… · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research · +2
  22. 2022
    Efficient Perturbation Inference and Expandable Network for continual learningFei Du, Yun Yang, Ziyuan Zhao, Zeng ZengNeural Networks · Yunnan University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
  23. 2022
    Unsupervised Generative Variational Continual LearningLiu Guimeng, Yang Guo, Cheryl Wong Sze Yin … Savitha RamasamyICIP · Nanyang Technological University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
  24. 2021
    Online Lifelong Generalized Zero-Shot LearningChandan Gautam, Sethupathy Parameswaran, Ashish Mishra, Suresh SundaramNeural Networks · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research · +2
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  25. 2022
    Progressive Continual Learning for Spoken Keyword SpottingYizheng Huang, Nana Hou, Nancy F. ChenICASSP · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research · +1
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  26. 2022
    Online Continual Learning Using Enhanced Random Vector Functional Link NetworksCheryl Sze Yin Wong, Yang Guo, ArulMurugan Ambikapathi, Savitha RamasamyICASSP · Institute for Infocomm Research
  27. 2021
    Preventing Catastrophic Forgetting and Distribution Mismatch in Knowledge Distillation via Synthetic DataKuluhan Binici, Nam Trung Pham, Tulika Mitra, Karianto LemanWACV · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · National University of Singapore · +1
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  28. 2020
    Knowledge Capture and Replay for Continual LearningSaisubramaniam Gopalakrishnan, Pranshu Ranjan Singh, Haytham M. Fayek … ArulMurugan AmbikapathiWACV · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research · +1
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  29. 2021
    SGDOL: Self-evolving Generative and Discriminative Online Learning for Data Stream ClassificationDeeksha Aggarwal, J. Senthilnath, Uttam Kumar … Xiaoli LiICDM · International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
  30. 2021
    Task-Agnostic Continual Learning Using Base-Child ClassifiersPranshu Ranjan Singh, Saisubramaniam Gopalakrishnan, Qiao ZhongZheng … ArulMurugan AmbikapathiICIP · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research · +1
  31. 2019
    Meta Module Generation for Fast Few-Shot Incremental LearningShudong Xie, Yiqun Li, Dongyun Lin … Sheng DongICCV · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research
  32. 2019
    Discriminative Features for Incremental Learning ClassifierTin Lay Nwe, Balaji Nataraj, Shudong Xie … Dong ShengICIP · Institute for Infocomm Research · National University of Singapore
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.