Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

30 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Modular Memory is the Key to Continual Learning AgentsVaggelis Dorovatas, Malte Schwerin, Andrew D. Bagdanov … Rahaf AljundiarXiv
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  2. 2026
    Bridging Inter-Task Gap of Continual Self-Supervised Learning With External DataHaori Lu, Xusheng Cao, Linlan Huang … Xialei LiuIEEE TCSVT · Nankai University
  3. 2025
    Continual Learning for VLMs: A Survey and Taxonomy Beyond ForgettingYuyang Liu, Qiuhe Hong, Linlan Huang … Yonghong TianarXiv
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  4. 2025
    KAC: Kolmogorov-Arnold Classifier for Continual LearningYusong Hu, Zichen Liang, Fei Yang … Ming‐Ming ChengCVPR · Nankai University
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  5. 2025
    Knowledge Graph Enhanced Generative Multi-modal Models for Class-Incremental LearningXusheng Cao, Haori Lu, Linlan Huang … Ming-Ming ChengNeurIPS
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  6. 2025PDF ↗
  7. 2025
    Class Incremental Learning for Image Classification With Out-of-Distribution Task IdentificationXusheng Cao, Haori Lu, Xialei Liu, Ming‐Ming ChengIEEE Trans. Multimedia · Nankai University
  8. 2025
    Enhancing Continual Semantic Segmentation via Uncertainty and Class Balance Re-WeightingZichen Liang, Yusong Hu, Fei Yang, Xialei LiuTIP · Nankai University
  9. 2025
    Hybrid Re-matching for Continual Learning with Parameter-Efficient TuningWeicheng Wang, Guoli Jia, Xialei Liu … Jufeng YangNeurIPS · Nankai University · Tsinghua University
  10. 2025
    Reformulating Classification as Image-Class Matching for Class Incremental LearningYusong Hu, Zichen Liang, Xialei Liu … Ming‐Ming ChengIEEE TCSVT · Nankai University
  11. 2024PDF ↗
  12. 2024PDF ↗
  13. 2024
    Generative Multi-modal Models are Good Class-Incremental LearnersXusheng Cao, Haori Lu, Linlan Huang … Ming‐Ming ChengCVPR · Nankai University
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  14. 2022
    Task-Adaptive Saliency Guidance for Exemplar-Free Class Incremental LearningXialei Liu, Jiang-Tian Zhai, Andrew D. Bagdanov … Ming‐Ming ChengCVPR · Nankai University · University of Florence · +1
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  15. 2024
    Modeling Inner- and Cross-Task Contrastive Relations for Continual Image ClassificationYuxuan Luo, Runmin Cong, Xialei Liu … Sam KwongIEEE Trans. Multimedia · City University of Hong Kong · Shandong University · +1
  16. 2023PDF ↗
  17. 2023
    Class Incremental Learning with Pre-trained Vision-Language ModelsXialei Liu, Xusheng Cao, Haori Lu … Ming‐Ming ChengarXiv
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  18. 2023
    Augmented Box Replay: Overcoming Foreground Shift for Incremental Object DetectionYuyang Liu, Yang Cong, Dipam Goswami … Joost van de WeijerICCV · Shenyang Institute of Automation · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +4
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  19. 2023
    Masked Autoencoders are Efficient Class Incremental LearnersJiang-Tian Zhai, Xialei Liu, Andrew D. Bagdanov … Ming‐Ming ChengICCV · Nankai University · University of Florence · +1
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  20. 2023
    Endpoints Weight Fusion for Class Incremental Semantic SegmentationJia–Wen Xiao, Chang–Bin Zhang, Jiekang Feng … Ming‐Ming ChengCVPR · Nankai University · Tianjin University
  21. 2020
    Class-Incremental Learning: Survey and Performance Evaluation on Image ClassificationMarc Masana, Xialei Liu, Bartłomiej Twardowski … Joost van de WeijerTPAMI · Computer Vision Center
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  22. 2022
    Long-Tailed Class Incremental LearningXialei Liu, Yusong Hu, Xusheng Cao … Ming‐Ming ChengECCV
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  23. 2022
    Representation Compensation Networks for Continual Semantic SegmentationChang–Bin Zhang, Jia-wen Xiao, Xialei Liu … Ming‐Ming ChengCVPR · Nankai University · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
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  24. 2020
    Self-Training for Class-Incremental Semantic SegmentationLu Yu, Xialei Liu, Joost van de WeijerTNNLS · Tianjin University of Technology · Nankai University · +1
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  25. 2022
    Robust Saliency Guidance for Data-free Class Incremental LearningXialei Liu, Jiang-Tian Zhai, Andrew D. Bagdanov … Ming-Ming ChengarXiv
  26. 2021
    HCV: Hierarchy-Consistency Verification for Incremental Implicitly-Refined ClassificationKai Wang, Xialei Liu, Luis Herranz, Joost van de WeijerBMVC · Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Nankai University
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  27. 2020
    Semantic Drift Compensation for Class-Incremental LearningLu Yu, Bartłomiej Twardowski, Xialei Liu … Joost van de WeijerCVPR · Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Northwestern Polytechnical University · +1
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  28. 2020
    Generative Feature Replay For Class-Incremental LearningXialei Liu, Chenshen Wu, Mikel Menta … Joost van de WeijerCVPR · Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · University of Florence · +1
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  29. 2020
    Continual Universal Object DetectionXialei Liu, Hao Yang, Avinash Ravichandran … Stefano SoattoarXiv · Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Amazon (Germany)
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  30. 2018
    Rotate your Networks: Better Weight Consolidation and Less Catastrophic ForgettingXialei Liu, Marc Masana, Luis Herranz … Andrew D. BagdanovICPR · Computer Vision Center · University of Florence
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.