Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

29 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    STAER: Temporal Aligned Rehearsal for Continual Spiking Neural NetworkMatteo Gianferrari, Omayma Moussadek, Riccardo Salami … Simone CalderaraICPR
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  2. 2025
    DOLFIN: Balancing Stability and Plasticity in Federated Continual LearningOmayma Moussadek, Riccardo Salami, Simone CalderaraInternational Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
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  3. 2025
    Modular Embedding Recomposition for Incremental LearningAniello Panariello, Emanuele Frascaroli, Pietro Buzzega … Simone CalderaraarXiv
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  4. 2025
    Towards Unbiased Continual Learning: Avoiding Forgetting in the Presence of Spurious CorrelationsGiacomo Capitani, Lorenzo Bonicelli, Angelo Porrello … Elisa FicarraWACV · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
  5. 2025
    Closed-form merging of parameter-efficient modules for Federated Continual LearningRiccardo Salami, Pietro Buzzega, Matteo Mosconi … Simone CalderaraICLR
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  6. 2024
    May the Forgetting Be with You: Alternate Replay for Learning with Noisy LabelsMonica Millunzi, Lorenzo Bonicelli, Angelo Porrello … Simone CalderaraBMVC
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  7. 2024
    CLIP with Generative Latent Replay: a Strong Baseline for Incremental LearningEmanuele Frascaroli, Aniello Panariello, Pietro Buzzega … Simone CalderaraBMVC
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  8. 2024
    An Attention-based Representation Distillation Baseline for Multi-Label Continual LearningMartin Menabue, Emanuele Frascaroli, M. Boschini … Simone CalderaraICML
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  9. 2024
    Mask and Compress: Efficient Skeleton-based Action Recognition in Continual LearningMatteo Mosconi, Andriy Sorokin, Aniello Panariello … Rita CucchiaraICPR
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  10. 2024
    CaSpeR: Latent Spectral Regularization for Continual LearningEmanuele Frascaroli, Riccardo Benaglia, Matteo Boschini … Simone CalderaraPattern Recognition Letters · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia · Sapienza University of Rome
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  11. 2026
    Federated Class-Incremental Learning with Hierarchical Generative PrototypesRiccardo Salami, Pietro Buzzega, Matteo Mosconi … Simone CalderaraTMLR
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  12. 2025
    A Second-Order Perspective on Model Compositionality and Incremental LearningAngelo Porrello, Lorenzo Bonicelli, Pietro Buzzega … Rita CucchiaraICLR
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  13. 2024
    Selective Attention-based Modulation for Continual LearningGiovanni Bellitto, Federica Proietto Salanitri, Matteo Pennisi … Concetto SpampinatoarXiv
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  14. 2024
    Semantic Residual Prompts for Continual LearningMartin Menabue, Emanuele Frascaroli, Matteo Boschini … Simone CalderaraECCV
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  15. 2024
    Saliency-driven Experience Replay for Continual LearningGiovanni Bellitto, Federica Proietto Salanitri, Matteo Pennisi … Concetto SpampinatoNeurIPS
  16. 2023
    On the Effectiveness of Equivariant Regularization for Robust Online Continual LearningLorenzo Bonicelli, Matteo Boschini, Emanuele Frascaroli … Simone CalderaraarXiv
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  17. 2023
    Neuro Symbolic Continual Learning: Knowledge, Reasoning Shortcuts and Concept RehearsalEmanuele Marconato, Gianpaolo Bontempo, Elisa Ficarra … Stefano TesoICML
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  18. 2023
    Generalising via Meta-Examples for Continual Learning in the WildAlessia Bertugli, Stefano Vincenzi, Simone Calderara, Andrea PasseriniSpringer LNCS · University of Trento · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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  19. 2022
    On the Effectiveness of Lipschitz-Driven Rehearsal in Continual LearningLorenzo Bonicelli, M. Boschini, Angelo Porrello … Simone CalderaraNeurIPS
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  20. 2023
    Class-Incremental Continual Learning Into the eXtended DER-VerseMatteo Boschini, Lorenzo Bonicelli, Pietro Buzzega … Simone CalderaraTPAMI · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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  21. 2022
    Effects of Auxiliary Knowledge on Continual LearningGiovanni Bellitto, Matteo Pennisi, Simone Palazzo … Simone CalderaraICPR · University of Catania · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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  22. 2022
    Transfer without ForgettingM. Boschini, Lorenzo Bonicelli, Angelo Porrello … Simone CalderaraECCV
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  23. 2022
    Catastrophic Forgetting in Continual Concept Bottleneck ModelsEmanuele Marconato, Gianpaolo Bontempo, Stefano Teso … Andrea PasseriniSpringer LNCS · University of Pisa · University of Trento · +1
  24. 2021
    Continual semi-supervised learning through contrastive interpolation consistencyMatteo Boschini, Pietro Buzzega, Lorenzo Bonicelli … Simone CalderaraPattern Recognition Letters · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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  25. 2021
    Avalanche: an End-to-End Library for Continual LearningVincenzo Lomonaco, Lorenzo Pellegrini, Andrea Cossu … Davide MaltoniCVPR · University of Pisa · University of Bologna · +12
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  26. 2021
    Rethinking Experience Replay: a Bag of Tricks for Continual LearningPietro Buzzega, Matteo Boschini, Angelo Porrello, Simone CalderaraICPR · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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  27. 2020
    Few-Shot Unsupervised Continual Learning through Meta-ExamplesAlessia Bertugli, Stefano Vincenzi, Simone Calderara, Andrea PasseriniarXiv · University of Trento · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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  28. 2020
    Conditional Channel Gated Networks for Task-Aware Continual LearningDavide Abati, Jakub M. Tomczak, Tijmen Blankevoort … Babak Ehteshami BejnordiCVPR · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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  29. 2020
    Dark Experience for General Continual Learning: a Strong, Simple BaselinePietro Buzzega, Matteo Boschini, Angelo Porrello … Simone CalderaraNeurIPS · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.