Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

73 papers of 8,653 · showing 1–50Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    More Than Memory Savings: Zeroth-Order Optimization Mitigates Forgetting in Continual LearningWanhao Yu, Zheng Wang, Shuteng Niu … Li YangWACV · University of North Carolina at Charlotte · University of Houston · +1
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  2. 2026
    PoseAdapt: Sustainable Human Pose Estimation via Continual Learning Benchmarks and ToolkitMuhammad Saif Ullah Khan, Didier StrickerWACV · German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence
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  3. 2026
    CADE: Continual Weakly-supervised Video Anomaly Detection with EnsemblesSatoshi Hashimoto, Tatsuya Konishi, Tomoya Kaichi … Mori KurokawaWACV · KDDI Research (Japan)
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  4. 2026
    DREAM: Dynamic Prompts and GuidedMix for Efficient Continual Adaptation of Visual-Language ModelsEvelyn Chee, Mong Li Lee, Wynne HsuWACV · National University of Singapore
  5. 2026PDF ↗
  6. 2026
    Forget Less by Learning Together through Concept ConsolidationArjun Ramesh Kaushik, Naresh Kumar Devulapally, Vishnu Suresh Lokhande … Venu GovindarajuWACV
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  7. 2025
    Online-LoRA: Task-Free Online Continual Learning via Low Rank AdaptationXiwen Wei, Guihong Li, Radu MarculescuWACV · The University of Texas at Austin
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  8. 2025
    Dam: Dynamic Adapter Merging for Continual Video QA LearningFeng Cheng, Ziyang Wang, Yi-Lin Sung … Gedas BertasiusWACV · University of North Carolina Health Care
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  9. 2025
    Memory-efficient Continual Learning with Neural Collapse ContrastiveTrung-Anh Dang, Vincent Nguyen, Ngoc‐Son Vu, Christel VrainWACV · Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Centre Val de Loire · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · +3
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  10. 2022
    CL-Cross VQA: A Continual Learning Benchmark for Cross-Domain Visual Question AnsweringYao Zhang, Haokun Chen, Ahmed Frikha … Volker TrespWACV · LMU Klinikum · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · +1
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  11. 2025
    One VLM to Keep it Learning: Generation and Balancing for Data-free Continual Visual Question AnsweringDeepayan Das, Davide Talon, Massimiliano Mancini … Elisa RicciWACV · University of Trento · Fondazione Bruno Kessler
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  12. 2025
    Strategic Base Representation Learning via Feature Augmentations for Few-Shot Class Incremental LearningParinita Nema, Vinod K KurmiWACV · Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal
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  13. 2025
    Covariance-Based Space Regularization for Few-Shot Class Incremental LearningYijie Hu, Guanyu Yang, Zhaorui Tan … Qiufeng WangWACV · Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University · University of Liverpool · +1
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  14. 2025
    Continual Learning in 3D Point Clouds: Employing Spectral Techniques for Exemplar SelectionHossein Resani, Behrooz Nasihatkon, Mohammadreza Alimoradi JaziWACV · K. N. Toosi University of Technology
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  15. 2025
    Dynamic Adapter Tuning for Long-Tailed Class-Incremental LearningYanan Gu, Muli Yang, Xu Yang … Cheng DengWACV · China North Industries Group Corporation (China) · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
  16. 2025
    Exploring the Stability Gap in Continual Learning: The Role of the Classification HeadWojciech Łapacz, Daniel Marczak, Filip Szatkowski, T. P. TrzcinskiWACV · Warsaw University of Technology
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  17. 2025
    AIC3DOD: Advancing Indoor Class-Incremental 3D Object Detection with Point Transformer Architecture and Room Layout ConstraintsZhongyao Cheng, Fang‐Xiang Wu, Peisheng Qian … Xulei YangWACV · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Institute for Infocomm Research
  18. 2025
    Semantic Prompting with Image Token for Continual LearningJisu Han, Jaemin Na, Wonjun HwangWACV · Ajou University
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  19. 2025
    A Reality Check on Pre-training for Exemplar-free Class-Incremental LearningEva Feillet, Adrian Popescu, Céline HudelotWACV · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · +2
  20. 2025
    EvoCL: Continual Learning over Evolving DomainsVishnuprasadh Kumaravelu, P. K. Srijith, Sunil Kumar GuptaWACV · Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad · Deakin University
  21. 2025
    Towards Unbiased Continual Learning: Avoiding Forgetting in the Presence of Spurious CorrelationsGiacomo Capitani, Lorenzo Bonicelli, Angelo Porrello … Elisa FicarraWACV · University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
  22. 2025
    AdaPrefix++: Integrating Adapters, Prefixes and Hypernetwork for Continual LearningSayanta Adhikari, Dupati Srikar Chandra, P. K. Srijith … Naoyuki OneoWACV · Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad
  23. 2025
    Are Exemplar-Based Class Incremental Learning Models Victim of Black-Box Poison Attacks?Neeresh Kumar Perla, Md. Iqbal Hossain, Afia Sajeeda, Ming ShaoWACV · University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
  24. 2025
    Continual Learning of Personalized Generative Face Models with Experience ReplayAnnie N. Wang, Luchao Qi, Roni SenguptaWACV · University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · University of North Carolina Health Care
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  25. 2025
    ReFu: Recursive Fusion for Exemplar-Free 3D Class-Incremental LearningYi Yang, Lei Zhong, Huiping ZhuangWACV · University of Edinburgh · South China University of Technology
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  26. 2025
    TACLE: Task and Class-Aware Exemplar-Free Semi-Supervised Class Incremental LearningJayateja Kalla, Rohit Kumar, Soma BiswasWACV · Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
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  27. 2025
    Modality-Incremental Learning with Disjoint Relevance Mapping Networks for Image-Based Semantic SegmentationNiharika Hegde, Shishir Muralidhara, René Schuster, Didier StrickerWACV
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  28. 2025PDF ↗
  29. 2024
    Universal Test-time Adaptation through Weight Ensembling, Diversity Weighting, and Prior CorrectionRobert A. Marsden, Mario Döbler, Bin YangWACV · University of Stuttgart
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  30. 2024
    Steering Prototypes with Prompt-tuning for Rehearsal-free Continual LearningZhuowei Li, L. Zhao, Zizhao Zhang … Dimitris MetaxasWACV · Google (United States)
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  31. 2024
    Plasticity-Optimized Complementary Networks for Unsupervised Continual LearningAlex Gomez-Villa, Bartłomiej Twardowski, Kai Wang, Joost van de WeijerWACV · Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Barcelona Supercomputing Center · +1
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  32. 2024
    Kaizen: Practical self-supervised continual learning with continual fine-tuningChi Ian Tang, Lorena Qendro, Dimitris Spathis … Akhil MathurWACV · University of Cambridge · Nokia (United Kingdom)
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  33. 2024
    Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting for Multi-Label Class-Incremental LearningXiang Song, Kuang Shu, Songlin Dong … Yihong GongWACV · Xi'an Jiaotong University · China Power Engineering Consulting Group (China) · +1
  34. 2024
    Effective Restoration of Source Knowledge in Continual Test Time AdaptationFahim Faisal Niloy, Sk Miraj Ahmed, Dripta S. Raychaudhuri … Amit K. Roy–ChowdhuryWACV · University of California, Riverside · University of Michigan
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  35. 2024
    Layer-wise Auto-Weighting for Non-Stationary Test-Time AdaptationJunyoung Park, Jin Kim, Hyeongjun Kwon … Kwanghoon SohnWACV · Yonsei University · Korea Institute of Science and Technology
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  36. 2024
    Wakening Past Concepts without Past Data: Class-Incremental Learning from Online PlacebosYaoyao Liu, Yingying Li, Bernt Schiele, Qianru SunWACV · Johns Hopkins University · Max Planck Institute for Informatics · +2
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  37. 2024
    Cross-Domain Few-Shot Incremental Learning for Point-Cloud RecognitionYuwen Tan, Xiang XiangWACV · Huazhong University of Science and Technology
  38. 2024
    Evolve: Enhancing Unsupervised Continual Learning with Multiple ExpertsXiaofan Yu, Tajana Rosing, Yunhui GuoWACV · University of California San Diego
  39. 2024
    Expanding Hyperspherical Space for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningYao Deng, Xiang XiangWACV · Huazhong University of Science and Technology
  40. 2024
    An Analysis of Initial Training Strategies for Exemplar-Free Class-Incremental LearningGrégoire Petit, Michaël Soumm, Eva Feillet … Céline HudelotWACV · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies · +5
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  41. 2024
    Continual Learning of Unsupervised Monocular Depth from VideosHemang Chawla, Arnav Varma, Elahe Arani, Bahram ZonoozWACV · Eindhoven University of Technology · TomTom (Netherlands)
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  42. 2024
    Domain-Aware Knowledge Distillation for Continual Model GeneralizationNikhil Reddy, Mahsa Baktashmotlagh, Chetan AroraWACV · Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
  43. 2024
    Meta-Learned Attribute Self-Interaction Network for Continual and Generalized Zero-Shot LearningVinay Kumar Verma, Nikhil Mehta, Kevin J Liang … Lawrence CarinWACV · Duke University · Kootenay Association for Science & Technology · +1
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  44. 2024
    MoP-CLIP: A Mixture of Prompt-Tuned CLIP Models for Domain Incremental LearningJulien Nicolas, Florent Chiaroni, Imtiaz Masud Ziko … José DolzWACV · École de Technologie Supérieure · Thales (Australia)
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  45. 2024PDF ↗
  46. 2024
    Efficient Expansion and Gradient Based Task Inference for Replay Free Incremental LearningSoumya Roy, Vinay Kumar Verma, Deepak GuptaWACV · Amazon (Germany) · Duke University
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  47. 2024
    MICS: Midpoint Interpolation to Learn Compact and Separated Representations for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningS.P. Kim, Yuho Jeong, Joon-Sung Park, S.W. YoonWACV · Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
  48. 2024
    Source-Guided Similarity Preservation for Online Person Re-IdentificationHamza Rami, Jhony H. Giraldo, Nicolas Winckler, Stéphane LathuilièreWACV
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  49. 2024
    TCP: Triplet Contrastive-relationship Preserving for Class-Incremental LearningShiyao Li, Xuefei Ning, Shanghang Zhang … Yu WangWACV · Tsinghua University · Peking University
  50. 2024
    Continuous Adaptation for Interactive Segmentation Using Teacher-Student ArchitectureBarsegh Atanyan, L. Khachatryan, Shant Navasardyan … Humphrey ShiWACV
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.