Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

189 papers of 8,653 · showing 1–50Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Self-adaptive Low-Rank Adaptation for Class-Incremental LearningYiming Song, Qiqi Duan, Lijun Sun … Yuhui ShiSpringer LNCS · Southern University of Science and Technology · Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics · +3
  2. 2026
    Flexible Knowledge Distillation for Class-Incremental Learning via Structural Knowledge TransferSeungmo Seo, Jongsu Youn, Jaehyung Bae, Jongwon ChoiSpringer LNCS · Chung-Ang University
  3. 2026
    Federated Class-Incremental Object DetectionMatthias Pijarowski, Matthias Rapp, Alexander Wolpert, Martin HeckmannSpringer LNCS · Hensoldt (Germany) · Hochschule Aalen
  4. 2026
    Kernel-Prototype Guided Background Adaptation for Class-Incremental Semantic SegmentationViet-Anh Tran Ngoc, Dinh-Nhat Loi, Thanh-Hai Dang, Quynh-Trang Pham ThiSpringer LNCS · Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City · Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade
  5. 2026
    GRSNN: A Flexible Graph-Wired Spiking Neural Network for Neuromorphic Classification and Continual LearningXingyu Tao, Zhongjun Luo, Tomomi HashimotoSpringer LNCS · Guilin University of Electronic Technology · Saitama Institute of Technology
  6. 2026
    Multimodal Class-Incremental Learning Based on Wavelet Transform and Orthogonal ConstraintShile Yang, Yanjun YinSpringer LNCS · Inner Mongolia Normal University · Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Bureau · +1
  7. 2026
    The Effects of Task Similarity on Catastrophic Forgetting in Deep Residual NetworksChaolin Yang, Yonggang LuSpringer LNCS · Lanzhou University
  8. 2026
    Compositional Prompt Network for General Continual Learning in Decoupled Blurry ScenariosXiudong Chen, Yuehui ChenSpringer LNCS · University of Jinan
  9. 2026
  10. 2026
    Estimating Representation Drift for Prompt-Based Class-Incremental LearningYuting Hou, Rongyu Zhu, Junjie Liu, Kedian MuSpringer LNCS · Peking University
  11. 2026
    FbRA: Frequency-band Reconstruction and Adaptation for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningShile Yang, Yanjun YinSpringer LNCS · Inner Mongolia Normal University · Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Bureau · +1
  12. 2026
    Dynamic Elastic Weight Consolidation for Continual Learning in Spiking Neural NetworksJunxiu Liu, Puyang Li, Qiang Fu … Xue OuyangSpringer LNCS · Guangxi Normal University
  13. 2026
  14. 2026
    MECAD: A Multi-expert Architecture for Continual Anomaly DetectionMalihe Dahmardeh, Francesco SettiSpringer LNCS · University of Verona
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  15. 2026
    Active Semi-supervised Continual Learning for Robotic Object RecognitionSangzhou Xia, Xiangli Nie, Peng WangSpringer LNCS · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Automation · +1
  16. 2026
    Balance Orthogonal Projection for Prompt in Continual LearningJunjian Ren, Tian Wang, Aichun Zhu … Hichem SnoussiSpringer LNCS · Beihang University · Nanjing Tech University · +4
  17. 2026
    Controlled Cluster Separation for Class Incremental LearningZiyi Zhang, Huaiwen ZhangSpringer LNCS · Inner Mongolia University
  18. 2026
    Enhancing Replay-Based Continual Learning via Predictive Uncertainty ControllerChengying Ding, Alex Lu, Jiahao Fan, Yanan SunSpringer LNCS · Sichuan University
  19. 2026
  20. 2026
    Hierarchical Bayesian Causal Modular Learning: A Two-Level Columnar Architecture for Continual LearningBen Goertzel, Charlie Derr, Yohannes TayeSpringer LNCS · Singularity University
  21. 2026
    Multi-Stage Variance-Controlled Gradient Updates: Toward Robust Continual LearningJi Feng, Qingjun Zhang, Yongqiang Xu … Degang YangSpringer LNCS · Chongqing Normal University
  22. 2026
    R2A2-MoE: Ridge Regression-Based Analytic Adaptation with Mixture of Experts for Continual Learning with Vision-Language ModelsM. X. Liu, Quan Fang, Junyu Gao, Yang YangSpringer LNCS · Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +2
  23. 2026
  24. 2026
    Weighted Evidential Continual Learning with Logits-Angle Knowledge DistillationChao Yang, Dingyü Xue, Shizhuo Deng … Dongyue ChenSpringer LNCS · Northeastern University · Foshan University
  25. 2025
    CoRA: Continual Learning for Multimodal Sensing with a Case Study in Mental HealthTarannum Ara, Bivas MitraSpringer LNCS · Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
  26. 2025
    Continual Learning for Multilingual Neural Machine Translation via Meta-Contrastive Memory ReplayLin Zhou, Degen Huang, Junpeng Liu … Kaiyu HuangSpringer LNCS · Dalian University of Technology · Université de Montréal · +1
  27. 2025
    CLM: Momentum and Torque Conservation for Robust Continual LearningTrang Pham, Van-Toan Phan, Xuan-Hung Ho, Tri-Thanh NguyenSpringer LNCS · Hội Gastroenterology Việt Nam
  28. 2025
  29. 2025
    ZeroRFF: A Random Fourier Features and Analytic Learning Method for Generalized Class Incremental LearningDuc‐Hung Nguyen, Tri-Thanh Nguyen, Thanh-Hai Dang, Quynh-Trang Pham ThiSpringer LNCS
  30. 2025
    Knowledge Distillation of Class Activation Maps from Two Teachers for Continual LearningMinkai Sheng, Hyung-Jun Moon, Sung‐Bae ChoSpringer LNCS · Yonsei University
  31. 2025
    PromptDSI: Prompt-Based Rehearsal-Free Continual Learning for Document RetrievalTuan-Luc Huynh, Thuy-Trang Vu, Weiqing Wang … Thanh-Toan DoSpringer LNCS · Monash University
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  32. 2025
    FedCluLearn: Federated Continual Learning Using Stream Micro-cluster Indexing SchemeМилена Ангелова, Veselka Boeva, Shahrooz Abghari … Xiaoyu LanSpringer LNCS · Blekinge Institute of Technology · Ericsson (Sweden)
  33. 2025
    Brain Generative Replay for Continual LearningJian‐Guo Zhou, Dongjun Liu, Wanzeng KongSpringer LNCS · Zhejiang Lab · Hangzhou Dianzi University
  34. 2025
    Merging Versus Separating Replay Samples in Continual LearningAndrii KrutsyloSpringer LNCS · Institute of Computer Science · Polish Academy of Sciences
  35. 2025
    Plant in Cupboard, Orange on Rably, Inat Aphone. Benchmarking Incremental Learning of Situation and Language Model using a Text-Simulated Situated EnvironmentJonathan Jordan, Sherzod Hakimov, David SchlangenSpringer LNCS · University of Potsdam · German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence
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  36. 2025
  37. 2025
    Modelleyen: Continual Learning and Planning via Structured Modelling of Environment DynamicsZeki Doruk Erden, Boi FaltingsSpringer LNCS · École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
  38. 2025
    Enhancing Domain Adaptation in Continual Learning with Elastic Weight Consolidation: A Multi-Dataset Deep Learning ApproachR. Premalatha, K. B. Jayanthi, C. Rajasekaran … R. DhanalakshmiSpringer LNCS · Software Training and Development Centre · Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad · +1
  39. 2025
    Flat Local Minima for Continual Learning on Semantic SegmentationZhongzhan Huang, Mingfu Liang, Senwei Liang, Shanshan ZhongSpringer LNCS · Sun Yat-sen University · Northwestern University · +1
  40. 2025
    A Novel Class Incremental Learning Method via Multi-granularity Balance Inspired by Human Granular Cognition MechanismYan Xian, Hong Yu, Ye Wang, Guoyin WangSpringer LNCS · Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications · Chongqing University · +1
  41. 2025
    Incremental and Decremental Continual Learning for Privacy-Preserving Video RecognitionLorenzo Caselli, Simone Magistri, Tommaso Bianconcini … Andrew D. BagdanovSpringer LNCS · University of Florence · Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial
  42. 2025
    PARMESAN: Parameter-Free Memory Search and Transduction for Dense Prediction TasksPhilip Matthias Winter, M Wimmer, Astrid Berg … Katja BühlerSpringer LNCS · VRVis GmbH (Austria)
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  43. 2025
    A System 1 and System 2 Perspective on Continual Learning for Practical ImplementationVivek Chavan, Oliver Heimann, Jörg KrügerSpringer LNCS · Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology · Technische Universität Berlin
  44. 2025
    Cross-Generational Contrastive Continual Learning for 3D Point Cloud Semantic SegmentationYuan He, Guyue Hu, Shan YuSpringer LNCS · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence · +4
  45. 2025
    Dynamic Capacity Expansion in Continual Learning: The eSECL ApproachBasile Tousside, Jörg Frochte, Tobias MeisenSpringer LNCS · University of Wuppertal · Bochum University of Applied Sciences
  46. 2025
    Federated Meta Continual Learning for Efficient and Autonomous Edge InferenceBingze Li, Stella Ho, Youyang Qu … Longxiang GaoSpringer LNCS · Qilu University of Technology · Shandong Academy of Sciences · +3
  47. 2025
    Fine-Grained Transformer Encoder of Image-Text Retrieval for Streaming Data in Cross-Modal Continual LearningHanlin Li, Jiaqiyu Zhan, Yuesheng Zhu, Guibo LuoSpringer LNCS · Peking University Shenzhen Hospital
  48. 2025
    MTL-FECAM: Bridging the Stability-Plasticity Tradeoff in Exemplar-Free Continual LearningSakshi Ranjan, Niraj Kumar, Jatin Kumar, Sanjay Kumar SinghSpringer LNCS · Indian Institute of Technology BHU · Banaras Hindu University · +1
  49. 2025
  50. 2025
    TMMP: Efficient Continual Learning via Mixture of LoRA Experts and Top Maximum Magnitude Parameter FusionQuynh-Trang Pham Thi, Le-Huy Pham, Dinh-Dat Nguyen … Thanh Hai DangSpringer LNCS · VNU University of Science
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.