Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

1,846 papers of 8,653 · showing 151–200Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2025
    Keeping Code-Aware LLMs Fresh: Full Refresh, In-Context Deltas, and Incremental Fine-TuningSharma, Pradeep Kumar, Puri, Ishaan, Singh, Mantinder Jit … Shrivastava, HritvikarXiv
    PDF ↗
  2. 2025PDF ↗
  3. 2025
    WebCoach: Self-Evolving Web Agents with Cross-Session Memory GuidanceGenglin Liu, Shijie Geng, Sha Li … Tianyi LiuarXiv
    PDF ↗
  4. 2025
  5. 2025PDF ↗
  6. 2025
    Foundations of a Developmental Design Paradigm for Integrated Continual Learning, Deliberative Behavior, and ComprehensibilityZeki Doruk Erden, Boi FaltingsIEEE TETCI · École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
    PDF ↗
  7. 2025PDF ↗
  8. 2025
    Feature Dispersion Adaptation With Pre-Pooling Prototype for Continual Image ClassificationWuxuan Shi, Mang Ye, Wei Yu, Bo DuIEEE Trans. Multimedia · Wuhan University
  9. 2025
    Neuro-Logic Lifelong LearningBowen He, Xiaoan Xu, Alper Kamil Bozkurt … Juncheng DongarXiv
    PDF ↗
  10. 2025
    Continual Learning for Multilingual Neural Machine Translation via Meta-Contrastive Memory ReplayLin Zhou, Degen Huang, Junpeng Liu … Kaiyu HuangSpringer LNCS · Dalian University of Technology · Université de Montréal · +1
  11. 2025
    Teaching Prompts to Coordinate: Hierarchical Layer-Grouped Prompt Tuning for Continual LearningShengqin Jiang, T. Yung Kong, Yuankai Qi … Ming–Hsuan YangarXiv
    PDF ↗
  12. 2025
    Rethinking Class-Incremental Learning from a Dynamic Imbalanced Learning PerspectiveLeyuan Wang, Liuyu Xiang, Yunlong Wang … Zhaofeng HeIEEE Trans. Multimedia · Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +2
    PDF ↗
  13. 2025
    Evasion Attacks in Continual LearningNiklas Bunzel, Aino SchwarteIEEE 24th International Conference on Trust, Security and… · Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology · Technische Universität Darmstadt
  14. 2025
    Preserving Cross-Modal Consistency for CLIP-based Class-Incremental LearningHaoran Chen, H. Y. Xu, Micah Goldblum … Wu, ZuxuanarXiv
    PDF ↗
  15. 2025
    Continual Learning Model with Dynamic Adaptation and Flexibility for Incremental ClassesMinami Hotta, Nobuyuki Ogasawara, Kengo Miyajima … Masayuki GotoApplied Sciences · Waseda University
    PDF ↗
  16. 2025
    Toward Adaptive Human-Centric Video Anomaly Detection: A Comprehensive Framework and a New BenchmarkArmin Danesh Pazho, Shanle Yao, Ghazal Alinezhad Noghre … Hamed TabkhiIEEE TCSVT · University of North Carolina at Charlotte · University of Wyoming · +1
    PDF ↗
  17. 2025PDF ↗
  18. 2025
    TT-LoRA MoE: Using Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning and Sparse Mixture-Of-ExpertsPradip Kunwar, Minh N. Vu, Maanak Gupta … Manish BhattaraiInternational Conference on Software Composition · Tennessee Technological University · Los Alamos National Laboratory · +1
    PDF ↗
  19. 2025
    CAST-GNN: Continual Adaptive Learning for Custom Spatio-Temporal Knowledge Graphs via Graph Neural NetworksGözde Ayşe Tataroğlu Özbulak, Yash Raj Shrestha, Jean-Paul CalbimonteICDM · University of Lausanne · HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland
  20. 2025
    Compact Memory for Continual Logistic RegressionYohan Jung, Hyungi Lee, Wenlong Chen … Mohammad Emtiyaz KhanNeurIPS
    PDF ↗
  21. 2025
    GEM-Style Constraints for PEFT with Dual Gradient Projection in LoRABrian Tekmen, Jason Yin, Qianqian TongICDM · University of North Carolina at Greensboro · North Carolina State University
    PDF ↗
  22. 2025
    Knowledge-guided Continual Learning for Behavioral Analytics SystemsYasas Senarath, Hemant PurohitIEEE 7th International Conference on Cognitive Machine In… · George Mason University
    PDF ↗
  23. 2025
    Enabling Lifelong Learning in AI with Biologically-inspired Neural Networks Based on Short-Term, Working, and Long-Term Memory*Hanav ModasiyaIEEE 7th International Conference on Cognitive Machine In… · Santa Clara University
  24. 2025PDF ↗
  25. 2025
    LifelongSkill: Toward Modality-Varying Lifelong Learning with Latent Knowledge HypergraphJiayi Chen, Kishlay Jha, Aidong ZhangICDM · University of Virginia · University of Iowa
  26. 2025
    Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting Using Improved Clustering-Based Episodic MemoryOwen Beabout, Abigail Dodd, Titus Murphy, Enyue LuICDM · Salisbury University · University of Virginia · +1
  27. 2025PDF ↗
  28. 2025
    Rethinking Obscured Sub-Optimality in Analytic Learning for Exemplar-Free Class-Incremental LearningZijian Gao, Kele Xu, Xingxing Zhang … Huaimin WangIEEE TCSVT · National University of Defense Technology · Tsinghua University · +1
  29. 2025PDF ↗
  30. 2025
    Hippocampal indexing alters the stability landscape of synaptic weight space allowing life-long learningOscar C. González, Ryan Golden, Erik Delanois … Maxim BazhenovbioRxiv · University of Colorado Boulder · University of California San Diego · +3
    PDF ↗
  31. 2025PDF ↗
  32. 2025
    CEM: A Data-Efficient Method for Large Language Models to Continue Evolving From MistakesHaokun Zhao, Jinyi Han, Jie Shi … Fei YuCIKM · Fudan University · East China Normal University · +1
    PDF ↗
  33. 2025
    ArMA: Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting using Attention-Regularized Model Averaging in Continual Fine-tuning Large Language ModelsXihe Qiu, Leijun Cheng, Teqi Hao, Xiaoyu TanIEEE TAI · Shanghai University of Engineering Science · Tencent (China)
  34. 2025
    Robotic Grasping Detection Based on Continual Learning Using Perceptual Loss and Multibranch Deep FusionQiaokang Liang, Yang Lai, Songyun Deng … Li ZhouIEEE Sensors Journal · Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
  35. 2025
    Towards Robust Continual Test-Time Adaptation via Neighbor FiltrationTaki Hasan Rafi, Amit Agarwal, Hitesh Laxmichand Patel, Dong‐Kyu ChaeCIKM · Hanyang University · Liverpool John Moores University · +1
    PDF ↗
  36. 2025
    Continual Learning of Domain Knowledge from Human Feedback in Text-to-SQLThomas A. Cook, Patel, Kelly, Sivapriya Vellaichamy … Sumitra GanesharXiv
    PDF ↗
  37. 2025
    ExpReS-VLA: Specializing Vision-Language-Action Models Through Experience Replay and RetrievalShahram Najam Syed, Yatharth Ahuja, Arthur Jakobsson, Jeff IchnowskiarXiv
    PDF ↗
  38. 2025
    Mixtures of SubExperts for Large Language Continual LearningHaeyong Kang, Yoon, Hee Suk, Feng, Dahua, Yoo, Chang D.arXiv
    PDF ↗
  39. 2025
    DebiasedKGE: Towards Mitigating Spurious Forgetting in Continual Knowledge Graph EmbeddingJunlin Zhu, Bo Fu, Guiduo DuanCIKM · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
  40. 2025
    Caption, Create, Continue: Continual Learning with Pre-trained Generative Vision-Language ModelsIndu Solomon, Aye Phyu Phyu Aung, Uttam Kumar, J. SenthilnathCIKM · International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
    PDF ↗
  41. 2025
    CDFFCIL: Comprehensive Framework for Data-Free Federated Class-Incremental LearningWei Liu, Zhaoyun Ding, Lailong Luo … Cheng ZhuInternational Conference on Big Data and Information Anal… · National University of Defense Technology
  42. 2025
    Hyperbolic Prompt Learning for Incremental Event Detection with LLMsXiujin Zhang, Wenxin Jin, Haotian Hong … Li SunCIKM · North China Electric Power University · Anhui University of Science and Technology · +2
  43. 2025
    SEDEG:Sequential Enhancement of Decoder and Encoder's Generality for Class Incremental Learning with Small MemoryShaoling Pu, Hongyang Chen, Lingyu Zheng, Zhongwu SunSpringer CCIS · Zhejiang Lab · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
    PDF ↗
  44. 2025
    TMEA: Task-Modularized Evolutionary Aggregation for Federated Continual LearningPan Wang, Gao Mt, Quan Wen … Yaohong ZhangInternational Conference on Big Data and Information Anal… · National University of Defense Technology
  45. 2025
    Learn More, Forget Less: A Gradient-Aware Data Selection Approach for LLMLiu, Yibai, Shihang Wang, Liu, Zeming … Yunhong WangarXiv
    PDF ↗
  46. 2025
    Class-aware prototype augmentation and decoupled feature distillation for class-incremental learningChengdong Wang, Yangjun Ou, Xianfang Tang … Rui YanPattern Recognition · Hefei University of Technology · Wuhan Textile University · +2
  47. 2025
    Contextual Attention Modulation: Towards Efficient Multi-Task Adaptation in Large Language ModelsDawei Pan, Zhaoyang Fu, Jingyuan Wang … Xiangyu ZhaoCIKM · City University of Hong Kong · Beihang University · +2
    PDF ↗
  48. 2025
    CLM: Momentum and Torque Conservation for Robust Continual LearningTrang Pham, Van-Toan Phan, Xuan-Hung Ho, Tri-Thanh NguyenSpringer LNCS · Hội Gastroenterology Việt Nam
  49. 2025
    Exploring the Tradeoff Between Diversity and Discrimination for Continuous Category DiscoveryRuobing Jiang, Yang Liu, Haobing Liu … Chunyang WangCIKM · Ocean University of China · East China Normal University
    PDF ↗
  50. 2025
    Learning without forgetting in NLP: Deep learning based transformer models for lifelong task incremental learningAmbi Rachel Alex, Malliga Subramanian, J. Jayanth … Taniya MukherjeeEdelweiss Applied Science and Technology · Gulf University · College of Law · +1
    PDF ↗
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.