Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1980 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

30 papers of 8,653Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Complementary Asymmetric Representation Learning for Exemplar-Free Class-Incremental LearningRunhang Chen, Xiao‐Yuan Jing, Xiaodong JiaACM Transactions · Wuhan University · Henan University of Engineering · +2
  2. 2026
    Regularization-Enhanced Federated Class-Incremental Learning with Generative Replay for Smart EdgeYurui Zhou, Jia Hu, Geyong Min, M. Jamal DeenACM Transactions · University of Exeter · McMaster University
  3. 2026
    Leveraging Textual Semantic Guidance for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningYuqiao Xu, Hantao Yao, Lu Yu, Changsheng XuACM Transactions · Tianjin University of Technology · University of Science and Technology of China · +1
  4. 2026
    Random Dense Knowledge Distillation for Continual LearningJie Chu, Pei Liu, Tong Su … Zenglin ShiACM Transactions · Hefei University of Technology · Zhengzhou University
  5. 2026
    Towards Experience Replay for Class-Incremental Learning in Fully-Binary NetworksYanis Basso-Bert, Anca Molnos, Romain Lemaire … Antoine DupretACM Transactions · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Grenoble · +3
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  6. 2026
    Orchestrating Prompt Expertise: Enhancing Knowledge Distillation via Expert-Guided TuningXu Meng, Jun Rao, Shuhan Qi … Xuan WangACM Transactions · Harbin Institute of Technology · Global Security Intelligence (United Kingdom) · +1
  7. 2026
    Text-Prompted Prompt Generator with Uncertainty Regularization for Rehearsal-Free Class-Incremental LearningShaofan Wang, Fuhao Wei, Hong Ma … Baocai YinACM Transactions · Beijing University of Technology
  8. 2025
    THMM-CLIP: Task-Guided Hierarchical Multi-Modal Alignment for Rehearsal-Free Class Incremental LearningYingdong Pan, Zhaoquan Yuan, Xiao Wu … Changsheng XuACM Transactions · Southwest Jiaotong University · Nanjing University of Science and Technology · +2
  9. 2025
    Gleaning Wisdom from the Past: Towards Label Incremental Learning for Online Hashing with a Plug-and-Play FrameworkChong-Yu Zhang, Xin Luo, Yu-Wei Zhan … Xin-Shun XuACM Transactions · Shandong University · Tsinghua University
  10. 2025
    Gaussian-Augmented Prototypical Network for Class-Incremental Few-Shot Relation ClassificationChenxi Hu, Yifan Hu, Yunxiang Zhao … Yangyi HuACM Transactions · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Beijing Radiation Center · +3
  11. 2025
    Continuous Adaptive Knowledge Distillation for Few-Shot Relation ExtractionShuo Zhao, Jianyong Duan, Li He … Jie LiuACM Transactions · North China University of Technology · Standard Bio (Norway) · +1
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  12. 2025
    CorpusBrain++: A Continual Generative Pre-Training Framework for Knowledge-Intensive Language TasksJiafeng Guo, Changjiang Zhou, Ruqing Zhang … Xueqi ChengACM Transactions · Institute of Computing Technology · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +1
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  13. 2025
    Online Continual Learning for Automatic Error Prevention in Data-Driven HRIJoshua Ravishankar, Malcolm Doering, Takayuki KandaACM Transactions · Kyoto University
  14. 2025
    Visuo-Tactile Class-Incremental LearningHao Fu, Fengyu Yang, Boyang Wang … Hui QianACM Transactions · Zhejiang University · Yale University · +3
  15. 2025
    Continual Learning for Image Captioning in HindiSantosh Kumar Mishra, Sriparna Saha, Pushpak BhattacharyyaACM Transactions · Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology · Indian Institute of Technology Patna · +1
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  16. 2024
    Multi-scale Consistency Deep Lifelong Cross-modal HashingLiming Xu, Hanqi Li, Jie Shao … Weisheng LiACM Transactions · Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence · China West Normal University · +2
  17. 2024
    BeGin: Extensive Benchmark Scenarios and an Easy-to-use Framework for Graph Continual LearningJihoon Ko, Shinhwan Kang, Taehyung Kwon … Kijung ShinACM Transactions · Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology · International Graduate School of English
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  18. 2024
    Incremental Data Drifting: Evaluation Metrics, Data Generation, and Approach ComparisonYu-Tung Pai, Nien-En Sun, Cheng-Te Li, Shou-De LinACM Transactions
  19. 2024
    A Human-Centered View of Continual Learning: Understanding Interactions, Teaching Patterns, and Perceptions of Human Users Toward a Continual Learning Robot in Repeated InteractionsAli Ayub, Zachary De Francesco, Jainish Mehta … Kerstin DautenhahnACM Transactions · University of Waterloo · University of Hertfordshire
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  20. 2024
    Progressive Adapting and Pruning: Domain-Incremental Learning for Saliency PredictionKaihui Yang, Junwei Han, Guangyu Guo … Dingwen ZhangACM Transactions · Nanchang University · Northwestern Polytechnical University · +4
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  21. 2024
    Dynamic Environment Responsive Online Meta-Learning with Fairness AwarenessChen Zhao, Feng Mi, Xintao Wu … Feng ChenACM Transactions · Baylor University · The University of Texas at Dallas · +1
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  22. 2023
    Few-shot Incremental Event DetectionHao Wang, Hanwen Shi, Jianyong DuanACM Transactions · North China University of Technology
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  23. 2023
    Distilled Meta-learning for Multi-Class Incremental LearningHao Liu, Zhaoyu Yan, Bing Liu … Abdulmotaleb El SaddikACM Transactions · China University of Mining and Technology · University of Ottawa
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  24. 2022
    Continual Recognition with Adaptive Memory UpdateXuanrong Yao, Xin Wang, Yue Liu, Wenwu ZhuACM Transactions · Tsinghua University
  25. 2022
    CL2R: Compatible Lifelong Learning RepresentationsNiccolò Biondi, Federico Pernici, Matteo Bruni … Alberto Del BimboACM Transactions · University of Florence
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  26. 2022
    Multi-objective Learning to Overcome Catastrophic Forgetting in Time-series ApplicationsReem Mahmoud, Hazem HajjACM Transactions · American University of Beirut · Intel (United States) · +1
  27. 2022
    Resource-Efficient Continual Learning for Sensor-Based Human Activity RecognitionClayton Frederick Souza Leite, Yu XiaoACM Transactions · Aalto University
  28. 2022
    Testing the Plasticity of Reinforcement Learning-based SystemsMatteo Biagiola, Paolo TonellaACM Transactions · Università della Svizzera italiana
  29. 2022
    RD-IOD: Two-Level Residual-Distillation-Based Triple-Network for Incremental Object DetectionDongbao Yang, Yu Zhou, Wei Shi … Weiping WangACM Transactions · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +1
  30. 2021
    S2OSC: A Holistic Semi-Supervised Approach for Open Set ClassificationYang Yang, Hongchen Wei, Zhenqiang Sun … Jian YangACM Transactions · Nanjing University of Science and Technology · Nanjing Normal University · +3
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. By default it shows the papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or written by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. The rest are one click away under “All papers”. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.