High-Fidelity and Efficient Torque Estimation for Quasi-Direct Drive Actuators With an Incremental Recurrent Cascade Broad Learning System

@article{zuo2026highfidelity,
  title = {High-Fidelity and Efficient Torque Estimation for Quasi-Direct Drive Actuators With an Incremental Recurrent Cascade Broad Learning System},
  author = {Guoyu Zuo and Lu Liu and Qifei Wu and Jiyong Zhou and Hao-Tian Cui and Liang Sun and Sai-Nan Zhang and Shuangyue Yu},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement},
  doi = {10.1109/TIM.2026.3682796},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2026.3682796},
}